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Import demand elasticities based on quantity data: Theory and evidence

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  • Shon M. Ferguson
  • Aaron Smith

Abstract

Correct estimates of import demand elasticities are essential for measuring the gains from trade and predicting the impact of trade policies. We show that estimates of import demand elasticities hinge critically on whether they are derived using trade quantities or trade values, and this difference is due to properties of the estimators. Using partial identification methods, we show theoretically that the upper bound on the set of plausible estimates is lower when using traded quantities, compared to the standard approach using trade values. Our theoretical predictions are confirmed using detailed product‐level data on US imports for the years 1993 to 2006. Our proposed method using traded quantities leads to smaller point estimates of the import demand elasticities for many goods and imply larger gains from trade compared to estimates based on trade values. Élasticités de la demande d'importation selon des données quantitatives : théorie et preuves. De bonnes estimations des élasticités de la demande d'importation sont essentielles pour mesurer les gains du commerce et prévoir les répercussions des politiques commerciales. Nous montrons que ces estimations dépendent énormément de leur mode de calcul (à partir des quantités commerciales ou des valeurs commerciales) et que cette différence est attribuable aux propriétés des estimateurs. À l'aide de méthodes d'identification partielle, nous montrons qu'en principe, la limite supérieure de l'ensemble des estimations plausibles est plus faible lorsqu'on se sert des quantités commerciales que dans l'approche standard employant des valeurs commerciales. Nos prévisions théoriques sont confirmées par des données détaillées de produits relatives aux importations américaines des années de 1993 à 2006. La méthode que nous proposons employant les quantités commerciales mène à des estimations ponctuelles moindres des élasticités de la demande d'importation pour nombre de biens et laisse entendre de plus grands gains du commerce que les estimations fondées sur les valeurs commerciales.

Suggested Citation

  • Shon M. Ferguson & Aaron Smith, 2022. "Import demand elasticities based on quantity data: Theory and evidence," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(2), pages 1027-1056, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:55:y:2022:i:2:p:1027-1056
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12596
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    1. Thomas von Brasch & Arvid Raknerud, 2021. "A two-stage pooled panel data estimator of demand elasticities," Discussion Papers 951, Statistics Norway, Research Department.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade

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