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Ownership Concentration, State Ownership, and Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from China’s Listed Firms

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  • Tao Zeng

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of ownership concentration and state ownership on the tax reporting practices of China’s publicly listed firms. I argue that ownership concentration and state ownership are important for tax reporting practices in China because listed firms have high ownership concentrations and high levels of state ownership. Using a sample of 758 listed Chinese firms over the 1998–2008 time period, I find that firms with concentrated share ownership have lower effective tax rates. I also find that firms whose largest shareholders are government‐related have higher effective tax rates compared to firms whose largest shareholders are nongovernment related. In other words, the nature of the largest shareholder (government vs. nongovernment) matters. I also show that ownership‐concentrated firms are able to achieve preferential statutory tax rates compared to firms with low ownership concentration regardless of the identity of the largest shareholder. Concentration de l’actionnariat, actionnariat étatique et taux d’intérêt effectifs: le cas des sociétés chinoises cotées Résumé L’auteur se penche sur l’incidence de la concentration de l’actionnariat et de l’actionnariat étatique sur les pratiques des sociétés chinoises inscrites à la cote en matière de déclarations fiscales. La concentration de l’actionnariat et l’actionnariat étatique, soutient‐il, sont importants pour les pratiques chinoises en matière de déclarations fiscales, car les sociétés inscrites à la cote présentent une concentration élevée de l’actionnariat ainsi que des niveaux élevés d’actionnariat étatique. En examinant un échantillon de 758 sociétés chinoises inscrites à la cote durant la période s’échelonnant de 1998 à 2008, l’auteur constate que les sociétés dont la concentration de l’actionnariat est élevée ont des taux d’imposition effectifs plus faibles. Il observe également que les sociétés dont les principaux actionnaires sont liés à l’État ont des taux d’imposition effectifs plus élevés, comparativement aux sociétés dont les principaux actionnaires ne sont pas liés l’État. En d’autres termes, la nature des principaux actionnaires (étatiques ou non étatiques) est un facteur important. L’auteur montre également que les sociétés dont la concentration de l’actionnariat est élevée réussissent à se prévaloir de taux d’imposition réglementaires préférentiels comparativement aux sociétés dont la concentration de l’actionnariat est faible, peu importe l’identité du principal actionnaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Zeng, 2010. "Ownership Concentration, State Ownership, and Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from China’s Listed Firms," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 9(4), pages 271-289, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:9:y:2010:i:4:p:271-289
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1911-3838.2010.00014.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Emma Yan Peng & John Shon & Christine Tan, 2011. "XBRL and Accruals: Empirical Evidence from China," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(2), pages 109-138, June.
    2. Jiang, Dequan & Li, Weiping & Shen, Yongjian & Yao, Zhenye, 2020. "Market liberalization and tax avoidance: Evidence from the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect Program in China," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 44(3).
    3. Tao Zeng, 2016. "Corporate Social Responsibility, Tax Aggressiveness, and Firm Market Value," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(1), pages 7-30, March.
    4. Tao Zeng, 2017. "Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance and Aggressive Tax‐Reporting Activities: Evidence from Canada," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), pages 345-369, December.
    5. Chen Chen & Steven Cahan, 2013. "Discussion of ‘Government ownership, corporate governance and tax aggressiveness: evidence from China’," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 53(4), pages 1053-1059, December.
    6. Sílvio Hiroshi Nakao & Sidney J. Gray, 2018. "The Impact of IFRS in Brazil: The Legacy of Mandatory Book‐tax Conformity," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 28(4), pages 482-495, December.
    7. Belz, Thomas & von Hagen, Dominik & Steffens, Christian, 2019. "Taxes and firm size: Political cost or political power?," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1-28.
    8. Minjie Huang & Shunan Zhao & Andreas Pape, 2023. "Estimating Case‐based Individual and Social Learning in Corporate Tax Avoidance," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 85(2), pages 403-434, April.

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