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Factors Influencing Corporate Environmental Disclosures

Author

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  • Matt Wegener
  • Fayez A. Elayan
  • Sandra Felton
  • Jingyu Li

Abstract

We investigate the effectiveness of the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), a not‐for‐profit organization that facilitates environmental disclosures of firms with institutional investors, thereby serving as a corporate governance mechanism for shareholders to influence the firm's environmental disclosures. We examine firm characteristics associated with firms' decisions to disclose carbon‐related information via the CDP for a sample of 319 Canadian firms over a four‐year period. In particular, we examine how firms' decisions to disclose via CDP are associated with shareholder activism, litigation risk, and the opportunity for low‐cost positive publicity once requested by the firms' “signatory” investors. Our results also show that management's decision to release climate change data is associated with domestic, but not foreign, signatory investors. We also find that disclosing firms tend to be those from lower polluting industries with less exposure to litigation risk. This suggests that this new form of coordinated shareholder activism may not be successful at altering the behavior of firms that are heavier polluters. Résumé Les auteurs se penchent sur l'efficacité du Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), organisme sans but lucratif qui s'emploie à promouvoir la communication d'information environnementale par les entreprises ayant des investisseurs institutionnels, un mécanisme de gouvernance grâce auquel les actionnaires peuvent exercer une influence sur l'information environnementale publiée par les sociétés. Ils étudient les caractéristiques de l'entreprise associées à la décision de communiquer l'information relative aux émissions de carbone par l'intermédiaire du CDP, pour un échantillon de 319 sociétés canadiennes sur une période de quatre ans. Ils se demandent en particulier en quoi la décision des sociétés de communiquer des données par l'intermédiaire du CDP est liée à l'activisme des actionnaires, aux risques de litiges et à la perspective d'une publicité positive à faible coût une fois l'information demandée par les investisseurs « signataires » des sociétés. Les résultats de l'étude indiquent que la décision de la direction de publier des données sur les changements climatiques est associée aux investisseurs signataires nationaux, mais non aux investisseurs signataires étrangers. Les auteurs constatent également que les sociétés qui publient cette information sont généralement celles qui appartiennent à des secteurs d'activité moins polluants, moins exposés aux risques de litiges. Ces observations portent à croire que cette nouvelle forme d'activisme conjugué des actionnaires pourrait ne pas parvenir à modifier le comportement des sociétés qui sont d'importants pollueurs.

Suggested Citation

  • Matt Wegener & Fayez A. Elayan & Sandra Felton & Jingyu Li, 2013. "Factors Influencing Corporate Environmental Disclosures," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(1), pages 53-73, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:12:y:2013:i:1:p:53-73
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12007
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    3. Melloni, Gaia, 2020. "Climate change reporting: a commentary on key issues," Die Unternehmung - Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 74(3), pages 312-323.
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