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Mögliche Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf Umwelt und Energieverbrauch

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  • Mathias Kirchner

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Digitalisierung beeinflusst anhand vieler unterschiedlicher Wirkungskanäle den Energieverbrauch und die Umwelt. Direkt dämpft sie durch die Verfügbarkeit besserer Technologien sowie (fast) immaterieller Güter und Dienstleistungen den Energie- und Ressourcenverbrauch, trägt aber auch zum verstärkten Aufkommen von "E-Waste" bei. Ökonomische Wirkungen und Reaktionen könnten die positiven Umwelteffekte vermindern (Rebounds, z. B. Steigerung der Nachfrage aufgrund niedrigerer Preise, Wirtschaftswachstum). Ausschlaggebend werden am Ende aber wohl systemische Effekte (neue Wertschöpfungsstrukturen, gesellschaftliche und institutionelle Veränderungen) sein, die zur Zeit noch schwierig zu schätzen sind. Digitalisierung hat jedenfalls das Potential, eine sozial-ökologische Transformation der Gesellschaft zu unterstützen, die notwendig ist, um z. B. die Klimaziele des Übereinkommens von Paris 2015 zu erreichen. Anhand eines Einblickes in die Vorteile eines Smart Grid wird dieses Potential exemplarisch aufgezeigt. Um das transformative Potential der Digitalisierung zu erschließen, benötigt es unterstützende Rahmenbedingungen, wie z. B. eine ökologische Steuerreform, die Berücksichtigung sozialer Akzeptanz und eine weltweite Perspektive.

Suggested Citation

  • Mathias Kirchner, 2018. "Mögliche Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung auf Umwelt und Energieverbrauch," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(12), pages 899-908, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:monber:y:2018:i:12:p:899-908
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    References listed on IDEAS

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