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The Contribution of Conservation Practices in Reducing Runoff, Soil Loss, and Transport of Nutrients at the Watershed Level

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  • Everton Rocha
  • Maria Calijuri
  • Aníbal Santiago
  • Leonardo Assis
  • Luna Alves

Abstract

The lack of land use planning and the absence of conservation practices in a watershed can contribute to increased runoff, soil loss, and nutrient transport, which compromise the environmental quality in a watershed, especially the water resources. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of conservation practices in reducing runoff and soil and nutrient losses using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in the São Bartolomeu Stream Watershed, which is a significant watershed in Brazil. The modeling allowed us to identify critical areas regarding sediment yield, runoff, and nutrient loss. After that, conservation practices aimed at reducing the impacts of such processes were simulated. We also identified the most sensitive model parameters to simulate changes in management practices. Simulation results showed an average annual runoff (R) of 35 mm, average annual sediment yield (SY) of 51 t ha -1 year -1 , 3.6 t ha -1 year -1 of total nitrogen (TN), and 1.6 t ha -1 year -1 of total phosphorus (TP). When considering the adoption of conservation practices, results showed an increase in water infiltration in the watershed and reductions of 18 %, 66 %, 25 %, and 30 % for R, SY, TN, and TP, respectively. Interventions which prioritize adequate management practices can be highly efficient and avoid changes in consolidated land uses. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • Everton Rocha & Maria Calijuri & Aníbal Santiago & Leonardo Assis & Luna Alves, 2012. "The Contribution of Conservation Practices in Reducing Runoff, Soil Loss, and Transport of Nutrients at the Watershed Level," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(13), pages 3831-3852, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:26:y:2012:i:13:p:3831-3852
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-012-0106-1
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    2. George Atisa & Mahadev Bhat & Michael McClain, 2014. "Economic Assessment of Best Management Practices in the Mara River Basin: Toward Implementing Payment for Watershed Services," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(6), pages 1751-1766, April.
    3. Kaishan Song & Lin Li & Lenore Tedesco & Shuai Li & Kun Shi & Bob Hall, 2014. "Remote Estimation of Nutrients for a Drinking Water Source Through Adaptive Modeling," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(9), pages 2563-2581, July.
    4. Willemen, Louise & Crossman, Neville D. & Newsom, Deanna & Hughell, David & Hunink, Johannes E. & Milder, Jeffrey C., 2019. "Aggregate effects on ecosystem services from certification of tea farming in the Upper Tana River basin, Kenya," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 1-1.

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