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Технологический рывок в современной экономике // Technological Breakthrough in the Modern Economy

Author

Listed:
  • N. Ivanova I.

    (Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow)

  • Н. Иванова И.

    (Институт мировой экономики и международных отношений (ИМЭМО РАН), Москва)

Abstract

The subject of the researchis factors accelerating the technological development of the country.The relevance of the subject is due to the low level of innovation activities in the Russian economy and high dependence on technology imports in a number of the most important manufacturing and mining industries while a number of government programs to promote innovation do not yield the expected results. The implementation of the goals for accelerating the economic development and Russia’s entry into the top five largest world economies based on the technological breakthrough set forth in the May presidential decrees requires taking into account the real technological trends in the largest economies.The purpose of the researchwas to show that the modern technological development requires building a research base for business, especially for large companies, which is in line with provisions of the economic theory developed by a number of economists from J. Schumpeter to P. Romer who substantiated the special role of business research and development under the support of the state. It is empirically proven that it is the high level of R&D expenditures that distinguishes developed countries from those less developed. The paper analyzes the scope and sectoral structure of the R&D carried out by large leading-edge corporations. The statistical data related to technological leaders and other high-tech companies was used in the research. The data was supplemented by patent statistics. The specific features of the growing technological competition between the United States and China were considered. Предмет исследования — факторы ускорения технологического развития государства.Актуальность рассмотрения этих факторов обусловлена тем, что в российской экономике до настоящего времени низок уровень инновационной активности, высока зависимость от импорта технологий в ряде важнейших отраслей обрабатывающей и добываю-щей промышленности, ряд государственных программ стимулирования инноваций не дает ожидавшихся результатов. Реализация задач ускорения экономического развития, вхождения России в число пяти крупнейших экономик мира на основе технологического рывка, сформулированных в майских указах Президента Российской Федерации, требу-ет учета реальных тенденций технологического развития крупнейших экономик мира.Цель статьи— показать, что в современных условиях динамичное технологическое развитие требует развития исследовательской базы бизнеса, особенно крупных компаний, что соответствует положениям экономической теории, разработанным рядом эконо-мистов — от Й. Шумпетера до П. Ромера, которые обосновали особую роль исследований и разработок бизнеса, име-ющего поддержку государства. Эмпирически доказано, что высокий уровень затрат на исследования и разработки отличает развитые страны от менее развитых государств. В статье проведен анализ масштабов и отраслевой струк-туры исследований и разработок, осуществляемых крупными компаниями на передовых рубежах технологического прогресса. Использована статистика по корпорациям-лидерам и более широкому кругу наукоемких компаний. Эти данные дополнены патентной статистикой. Рассмотрены особенности роста технологической конкуренции между США и Китаем.

Suggested Citation

  • N. Ivanova I. & Н. Иванова И., 2019. "Технологический рывок в современной экономике // Technological Breakthrough in the Modern Economy," Экономика. Налоги. Право // Economics, taxes & law, ФГОБУ "Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации" // Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation, vol. 12(3), pages 6-16.
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:econom:y:2019:i:3:p:6-16
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    References listed on IDEAS

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