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Innovation in the Business Sector

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  • Florence Jaumotte
  • Nigel Pain

Abstract

This paper draws together the key findings from separate detailed analyses of the determinants of R&D, patenting and the commercial introduction of innovations in the business sector in order to identify the policies, institutions and framework factors that provide the most effective means of supporting innovation. The evidence suggests that there is a clear role for framework conditions, framework policies and specific science policies, both independently and in interaction with each other. Policies that raise the absorptive capacity of the economy (the capacity to understand and make use of new knowledge) are likely to have dual benefits, not only helping to stimulate new innovative activities, but also helping to maximise the benefits to be gained from the existing stock of knowledge. Potential policy trade-offs also need to be taken into account. Some policies that offer benefits for current innovation also have costs that could adversely affect future incentives to innovate. Others have trade-offs when considered in combination. Cross-country differences in the level of R&D intensity are shown to be closely correlated with crosscountry differences in science policies and institutions. Framework conditions and policies have an important influence when accounting for cross-country differences in the rate of change of R&D intensities over time. L'innovation dans le secteur des entreprises Ce document fait la synthèse des principales conclusions d’un certain nombre d’analyses détaillées sur les déterminants de la R&D, du brevetage et de l’introduction commerciale des innovations dans le secteur des entreprises, afin de pouvoir mettre en évidence les facteurs politiques, institutionnels et structurels qui offrent les meilleures conditions pour soutenir l’innovation. On constate que les conditions et politiques structurelles comme les politiques spécifiques de la science ont une importance évidente, tant isolément qu’en interaction les unes avec les autres. Les politiques qui visent à agir sur la capacité d’absorption de l’économie (c’est-à-dire à améliorer la capacité de comprendre les nouveaux savoirs et d’en faire usage) ont généralement un impact doublement positif : non seulement elles contribuent à stimuler de nouvelles activités d’innovation, mais elles aident en outre à maximiser le bénéfice que l’on peut tirer du stock de connaissances existantes. Il faut aussi tenir compte des éventuels inconvénients que peuvent avoir ces politiques. Certaines mesures de soutien aux innovations en cours ont aussi des coûts qui risquent de pénaliser les incitations à l’innovation dans l’avenir. D’autres ont des effets pervers si elles sont combinées. On démontre que les écarts d’intensité de R&D d’un pays à l’autre sont étroitement corrélés aux différences observées au niveau des politiques scientifiques et des établissements de recherche. Les conditions cadres et les politiques jouent un rôle non négligeable pour expliquer les différences d’un pays à l’autre dans le rythme d’évolution de l’intensité de R&D au fil du temps.

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File URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/688727757285
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Bibliographic Info

Paper provided by OECD Publishing in its series OECD Economics Department Working Papers with number 459.

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Date of creation: 02 Dec 2005
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Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:459-en

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Related research

Keywords: innovation; research and development; innovation policy; patenting; framework conditions; innovation; recherche-développement; politique d'innovation; conditions cadres;

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Cited by:
  1. Leandro Prados de la Escosura & Joan R. Rosés & Isabel Sanz Villarroya, 2010. "Stabilization and growth under dictatorship: the experience of Franco's Spain," Working Papers in Economic History wp10-02, Universidad Carlos III, Departamento de Historia Económica e Instituciones.
  2. Valkonen, Laura, 2006. "Deregulation as a Means to Increase Competition and Productivity," Discussion Papers 1014, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
  3. B. Robert, 2008. "Innovation and entrepreneurship: structural determinants of competitiveness," Economic Review, National Bank of Belgium, issue IV, pages 61-83, December.
  4. Rafal Kierzenkowski, 2009. "The Challenge of Restoring French Competitiveness," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 720, OECD Publishing.
  5. Gunday, Gurhan & Ulusoy, Gunduz & Kilic, Kemal & Alpkan, Lutfihak, 2011. "Effects of innovation types on firm performance," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(2), pages 662-676, October.
  6. Richard Dion & Robert Fay, 2008. "Understanding Productivity: A Review of Recent Technical Research," Discussion Papers 08-3, Bank of Canada.

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