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Models of Education for Sustainable Development and Nonformal Primary Education in Bangladesh

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  • M. Mahruf C. Shohel

    (M.M.C. Shohel is a Research Fellow at the Department of Education of the Open University, UK. Currently he is involved with the International Teacher Development Programme. He has been attached to nongovernmental education programs in Bangladesh, and is a member of a study group on fieldwork research in developing countries based at the University of Manchester, UK. Email: m.m.c.shohel@open.ac.uk)

  • Andrew J. Howes

    (Andrew J. Howes is a Senior Lecturer in Education at the School of Education of the University of Manchester. He has worked on intercultural learning, inclusive schooling and education in science. He is also a member of the study group on fieldwork research in developing countries. Email: andrew.j.howes@manchester.ac.uk)

Abstract

The social purposes of education are long term and oriented towards the construction and maintenance of a sustainable future. This article focuses on developing-country contexts with relatively low formal school enrolment rates, where dropout and failure rates are alarming, and where many children leave school semi-literate, soon to relapse into illiteracy. This has negative consequences for their participation as individuals in the creation of a sus-tainable world. Since the 1960s, nonformal basic education has offered alternative educational and training activities, with innovative learning methods aimed at the development of practical skills, including matters of health, sanitation, literacy, to be applied in real-life situations. Drawing on a five-year empirical study of young people at the point of transition be-tween the nonformal and formal sectors of schooling in Bangladesh, this article analyses the nonformal education paradigm against a framework of models linking education and sustainable development. By following an activist citizen model, nonformal education empowers students to critically consider new circumstances and to believe that they can make a change when needed.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Mahruf C. Shohel & Andrew J. Howes, 2011. "Models of Education for Sustainable Development and Nonformal Primary Education in Bangladesh," Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, , vol. 5(1), pages 129-139, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:jousus:v:5:y:2011:i:1:p:129-139
    DOI: 10.1177/097340821000500115
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Commission on Environment and Development,, 1987. "Our Common Future," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780192820808.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sarah Adams & Trisia Farrelly & John Holland, 2020. "Non-formal Education for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of the ‘Children in the Wilderness’ Eco-Club Programme in the Zambezi Region," Journal of Education for Sustainable Development, , vol. 14(2), pages 117-139, September.
    2. Tangfei Xiong & Jianjun Zhang & Huiyan Huang, 2023. "Entrepreneurship Education for Training the Talent in China: Exploring the Influencing Factors and Their Effects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-23, July.
    3. Abeer Mohamed Ali Abd Elkhalek, 2021. "Education for Sustainable Development: A Critical Analyses," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(6), pages 181-181, June.
    4. Marinela Istrate & Raluca Horea-Serban & Ionel Muntele, 2019. "Young Romanians’ Transition from School to Work in a Path Dependence Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Shiow-Luan Wang & Hsiou-Ping Chen & Shiow-Lin Hu & Chien-Ding Lee, 2019. "Analyzing Student Satisfaction in the Technical and Vocational Education System through Collaborative Teaching," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-9, September.
    6. Miquel Àngel Essomba & Pilar Lleonart & Laura Alfonso & Hye Bin, 2022. "Education for Sustainable Development in Educating Cities: Towards a Transformative Approach from Informal and Non-Formal Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-14, March.
    7. Kuenzi, Michelle, 2018. "Education, religious trust, and ethnicity: The case of Senegal," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 254-263.
    8. Shadika Haque Monia, 2020. "Towards A Normative Legal Mechanism Of A Unitary Primary Education In Bangladesh," Education, Sustainability & Society (ESS), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 3(2), pages 65-68, December.

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