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Violence and Neighborhood Disadvantage after the Crime Decline

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  • Michael Friedson
  • Patrick Sharkey

Abstract

Violent crime is known to be concentrated in the same urban neighborhoods as poverty and other forms of disadvantage. While U.S. violent crime has declined at an unprecedented rate over the past two decades, little is known about the spatial distribution of this decline within cities. Using longitudinal neighborhood crime data from six U.S. cities during the national crime decline, this article examines changes in (1) crime rates of neighborhoods grouped by their initial crime levels, poverty rates, and racial/ethnic makeups; (2) the neighborhood exposure to violence of urban residents classified by race/ethnicity and poverty status; and (3) the relative distribution of violent crime across urban neighborhoods. We find that crime levels declined the most in the initially most violent and disadvantaged neighborhoods and that exposure to violence fell the most among disadvantaged urban residents. Nonetheless, crime remained concentrated in cities’ initially most violent and disadvantaged locales.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Friedson & Patrick Sharkey, 2015. "Violence and Neighborhood Disadvantage after the Crime Decline," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 660(1), pages 341-358, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:anname:v:660:y:2015:i:1:p:341-358
    DOI: 10.1177/0002716215579825
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ingrid Gould Ellen & Katherine O'Regan, 2009. "Crime and U.S. Cities: Recent Patterns and Implications," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 626(1), pages 22-38, November.
    2. Julie Berry Cullen & Steven D. Levitt, 1999. "Crime, Urban Flight, And The Consequences For Cities," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 81(2), pages 159-169, May.
    3. Pope, Devin G. & Pope, Jaren C., 2012. "Crime and property values: Evidence from the 1990s crime drop," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1-2), pages 177-188.
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    1. Mark, Nicholas D.E. & Torrats-Espinosa, Gerard, 2022. "Declining violence and improving birth outcomes in the US: Evidence from birth certificate data," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    2. Lance Freeman & Tiancheng Cai, 2015. "White Entry into Black Neighborhoods," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 660(1), pages 302-318, July.
    3. Simone Tulumello & Roberto Falanga, 2022. "Homeland as a multi-scalar community: (Dis)continuities in the US security/safety discourse and practice," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 40(1), pages 143-164, February.
    4. Drake, Stacy A. & Lemke, Michael K. & Yang, Yijiong, 2022. "Exploring the complexity of firearm homicides in Harris County, Texas, from 2009 to 2021: Implications for theory and prevention," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).

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