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The Impact of Economic Freedom on the Unemployment Rate in O.E.C.D. Nations: An Exploratory Study Accepting the Validity of Okun’s Law - L’impatto della libertà economica sul tasso di disoccupazione nei paesi Ocse: uno studio esplorativo sulla base dell’accettazione della legge di Okun

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Abstract

This exploratory study empirically investigates the hypothesis that the higher the degree of economic freedom in a nation, the lower the unemployment rate in that nation, ceteris paribus. This hypothesis is based on the idea that greater economic freedom leads to greater real GDP growth, which in turn reduces the unemployment rate. As such, it represents a de facto acceptance (in principle) of Okun’s Law. The framework studied consists of a dataset for the member nations of the OECD (except Iceland) during the period 2003 to 2007, which precedes the Great Recession. The model in this exploratory study, which integrates a measure of the tax burden, a long term interest rate, and a measure of political stability, along with a measure of overall economic freedom, provides estimations finding that the unemployment rate is a decreasing function of the overall average level of economic freedom. Robustness testing, which involves narrowing the definition of the economic freedom measure and introducing a variable reflecting regulatory quality, leads to same conclusion, namely, that greater economic freedom reduces the unemployment rate. - Questo studio presenta una verifica empirica sull’ipotesi secondo cui, a parità di condizioni, maggiore è il livello di libertà economica in un paese, minore sarà il tasso di disoccupazione. Tale ipotesi si basa sull’idea che una maggiore libertà economica porti ad una maggior crescita del PIL reale, che a sua volta riduce il tasso di disoccupazione. Ciò rappresenta l’accettazione de facto della legge di Okun. Il modello si basa su un dataset per i paesi Ocse (esclusa l’Islanda) durante il periodo 2003-2007, cioè prima della grande crisi. Questo modello, che si basa su un indice di pressione fiscale, sul tasso di interesse a lungo termine e su un indicatore di stabilità politica, insieme a un indice della apertura economica generale, fornisce stime che evidenziano che il tasso di disoccupazione è una funzione decrescente del livello generale medio della libertà economica. I test di robustezza, che includono una definizione più ristretta di libertà economica e l’introduzione di una variabile che riflette la qualità dei controlli, porta alla stessa conclusione: una maggiore libertà economica riduce la disoccupazione.

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  • Cebula, Richard J. & Foley, Maggie & Capener, Don, 2015. "The Impact of Economic Freedom on the Unemployment Rate in O.E.C.D. Nations: An Exploratory Study Accepting the Validity of Okun’s Law - L’impatto della libertà economica sul tasso di disoccupazione n," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 68(4), pages 423-436.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:ecoint:0761
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Unemployment Rate; Economic Freedom; Taxes as a Percent of GDP; Political Stability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • P10 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - General
    • P12 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Enterprises
    • P14 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Property Rights
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R50 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - General

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