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Les permis d’émission et les charges : efficacité et substituabilité

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  • Grafton, Quentin R.

    (Département de science économique, Université d’Ottawa)

  • Devlin, Rose Anne

    (Département de science économique, Université d’Ottawa)

Abstract

This paper examines how the pollution generating technologies of firms affect the efficacy of tradeable emission permits. It is shown that the ability of firms to substitute among pollutants whenever markets are missing for a subset of pollutants is likely to prevent the dynamic efficiencies normally attributed to market based instruments. We argue that regulators have a readily implementable rule for assessing the extent of this problem. The paper also examines how the government may capture the scarcity rent that accrues to tradeable permits allocated gratis. We compare the effects of four possible methods of rent capture: an emissions permit rental charge, profit charge, output charge, and an emissions permit transfer charge. These methods of rent capture are shown to have different impacts on the efficiency of tradeable emission permits. The methods of rent capture are also examined whenever the regulator faces imperfect information and firms can substitute among pollutants. Cet article examine l’effet des technologies polluantes sur l’efficacité de l’échange des permis d’émissions. Nous démontrons que la capacité des entreprises à substituer les polluants, lorsqu’il y a absence de marché pour certains d’entre eux, fera probablement obstacle à l’efficacité dynamique normalement attribuée aux instruments de marché. Il est à noter que le régulateur dispose d’une mesure qui lui permet d’évaluer l’ampleur de ce problème. Par ailleurs, on examine la façon dont le gouvernement peut s’approprier la rente provenant de l’échange de permis alloués gratuitement. Nous comparons les effets de quatre méthodes d’appropriation de rente, soit une surcharge sur le prix des permis d’émission, une charge sur les profits, une charge sur le produit et une charge sur le transfert des permis d’émission. On démontre que ces méthodes d’appropriation de rente ont des effets différents sur l’efficacité des permis d’émission transférables. L’analyse de ces méthodes est faite dans un contexte où le régulateur fait face à de l’information imparfaite et où les entreprises peuvent substituer les polluants.

Suggested Citation

  • Grafton, Quentin R. & Devlin, Rose Anne, 1994. "Les permis d’émission et les charges : efficacité et substituabilité," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 70(2), pages 159-176, juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:70:y:1994:i:2:p:159-176
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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