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Défauts de coordination des activités. Principes et exemples

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  • Patrick Artus

Abstract

[fre] Défauts de coordination des activités. Principes et exemples. . L'économie peut se trouver dans une situation d'équilibre de sous-emploi, de sous-activité, comme résultat des différences entre les décisions qui sont favorables individuellement et les décisions qui sont favorables collectivement. Ainsi, un changement général de stratégie de tous les agents économiques améliorerait le bien-être mais n'est pas réalisé parce qu'aucun agent économique n'a d'incitation individuelle à changer de conduite : les décisions de ces agents ne sont pas coordonnées.. Nous expliquons dans quels cas ce genre de situation peut se présenter et en donnons divers exemples ; le point important est qu'il peut apparaître, dans ce type de configuration, une multiplicité d'équilibres, les uns supérieurs aux autres du point de vue du bien-être : l'économie peut se trouver « bloquée » dans un équilibre défavorable, alors qu'on pourrait passer à une situation plus avantageuse pour tous. [eng] Coordination failures : principles and examples . . The economy can be in an underemployment - low activity equilibrium as a resuit of differences between individually profitable and collectively efficient decisions. A change in the strategy of all economic agents would improve welfare, but does not occur because no agent has an individual incentive to change his strategy : the decisions are not coordinated.. We explain in which cases that kind of situation can appear and give several examples. The important feature of the models is the possibility of multiple equilibria that can be ranked from the point of view of welfare. The economy can be blocked at a low welfare equilibrium whereas it could be possible to switch to a more efficient situation.

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  • Patrick Artus, 1993. "Défauts de coordination des activités. Principes et exemples," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(3), pages 551-568.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1993_num_44_3_409463
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1993.409463
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1993.409463
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