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Grande distribution : le paradoxe de l'effet-prix

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  • Estelle Saada
  • Julie Valentin

Abstract

[eng] Small and big shops : . the paradox of the price-effect . Since 1986, it seems to be obvious that the french governement, wants to protect little shops against the stringent su- permarkets'competition. The aim of this paper is to analyse the perturbations due to the entry of a supermarket on a pure competitive market composed only by little shops. This study provides a conceptual framework to deem not only the prédation but also the price effects of this entry. À paradoxal effect on prices appears. The conclusion suggests the relevant levels of the technological conditions that are necessary to yield positive effects on the social welfare. [fre] Les récentes mesures adoptées par la France, notamment depuis l'ordonnance de 1986, comme le gel des implantations commerciales de plus de 300 m2, traduisent indéniablement une volonté de protéger le petit commerce. Le but de cet article est de proposer un cadre d'analyse des perturbations engendrées par l'arrivée d'une entreprise plus efficiente que les autres, appelée « grande surface », sur un marché non-coopératif, composé de «petits commerces». Il illustre les phénomènes de concurrence en prix entre petits commerces et grande surface. Il a vocation à expliquer comment une structure de marché est influencée par l'arrivée d'une grande surface, en terme d'effet-prix. Le modèle que nous proposons met en avant les conditions qui font des grandes surfaces une véritable nuisance pour le petit commerce mais aussi pour la qualité de la vie urbaine (disparition des commerces de proximité, coût de transport, prix pouvant être plus élevés...). Parallèlement il permet de dégager des niveaux de contraintes, essentiellement d'ordre technique pouvant rendre leur implantation bénéfique pour l'ensemble de la société.

Suggested Citation

  • Estelle Saada & Julie Valentin, 1998. "Grande distribution : le paradoxe de l'effet-prix," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 245(1), pages 33-40.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1998_num_245_1_5013
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1998.5013
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1998.5013
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    1. Dixit, Avinash K & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1977. "Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 67(3), pages 297-308, June.
    2. Steven C. Salop, 1979. "Monopolistic Competition with Outside Goods," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 10(1), pages 141-156, Spring.
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