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Trip and parking generation at transit-oriented developments: a case study of Redmond TOD, Seattle region

Author

Listed:
  • Guang Tian

    (University of Utah)

  • Reid Ewing

    (University of Utah)

  • Rachel Weinberger

    (Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates)

  • Kevin Shively

    (Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates)

  • Preston Stinger

    (Fehr & Peers Associates)

  • Shima Hamidi

    (University of Texas)

Abstract

The decision on how best to allocate land around transit stations is a debated topic, with transit officials often opting for park-and-ride lots over active uses such as multifamily housing, office, and retail organized into transit-oriented developments (TODs). In this study, we identify the ten best self-contained TODs in ten regions across United States based on seven criteria: dense, mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly, adjacent to transit, built after transit, fully developed, and with self-contained parking. We measure trip and parking generation at one of these TODs, the Redmond TOD in the Seattle region, as a pilot study, using an onsite count and intercept survey. The results show that the Redmond TOD has 1.7 times more trips made by walking and 3 times more trips made by transit than Seattle’s regional average. The actual vehicle trips we observed are only 37 % of the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ (ITE) expected value. The actual residential peak period parking demand is only 65 % of the ITE’s peak demand, and the actual commercial peak period parking demand is only 27 % of the ITE’s peak demand. Additionally, the peak period of transit parking was daytime, while the peak periods of commercial and residential were evening and nighttime. There is a real opportunity for sharing parking spaces among these different uses, something which is not realized at present.

Suggested Citation

  • Guang Tian & Reid Ewing & Rachel Weinberger & Kevin Shively & Preston Stinger & Shima Hamidi, 2017. "Trip and parking generation at transit-oriented developments: a case study of Redmond TOD, Seattle region," Transportation, Springer, vol. 44(5), pages 1235-1254, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:44:y:2017:i:5:d:10.1007_s11116-016-9702-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-016-9702-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Tao Zhang & Yibo Yan & Qi Chen & Ze Liu, 2022. "Evaluation Method of Composite Development Bus Terminal Using Multi-Source Data Processing," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.
    3. De Gruyter, Chris & Zahraee, Seyed Mojib & Shiwakoti, Nirajan, 2021. "Site characteristics associated with multi-modal trip generation rates at residential developments," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 127-145.
    4. Xianchun Tan & Tangqi Tu & Baihe Gu & Yuan Zeng & Tianhang Huang & Qianqian Zhang, 2021. "Assessing CO 2 Emissions from Passenger Transport with the Mixed-Use Development Model in Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-19, February.
    5. Woojung Kim & Xiaokun (Cara) Wang, 2022. "Double parking in New York city: a comparison between commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1315-1337, October.
    6. Xiang Tang & Jianxiao Ma & Peng He & Chubo Xu, 2022. "Parking Allocation Index Analysis of Office Building Based on the TOD Measurement Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-14, February.
    7. Xinyu Zhuang & Li Zhang & Jie Lu, 2022. "Past—Present—Future: Urban Spatial Succession and Transition of Rail Transit Station Zones in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-35, October.
    8. Phani Kumar, P. & Ravi Sekhar, Ch. & Parida, Manoranjan, 2018. "Residential dissonance in TOD neighborhoods," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 166-177.
    9. Chao Zeng & Xu Zhou & Li Yu & Changxi Ma, 2023. "Parking Generating Rate Prediction Method Based on Grey Correlation Analysis and SSA-GRNN," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-15, August.
    10. Qi Chen & Yibo Yan & Xu Zhang & Jian Chen, 2022. "Impact of Subjective and Objective Factors on Subway Travel Behavior: Spatial Differentiation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, November.
    11. Moyano, Amparo & Solís, Eloy & Díaz-Burgos, Elena & Rodrigo, Alejandro & Coronado, José M., 2023. "Typologies of stations’ catchment areas in metropolitan urban peripheries: From car-oriented to sustainable urban strategies," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    12. Blanco, Hilda & Wikstrom, Alexander, 2018. "Transit-Oriented Development Opportunities Among Failing Malls," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt3h62q04h, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    13. Rao, Fujie & Pafka, Elek, 2021. "Shopping morphologies of urban transit station areas: A comparative study of central city station catchments in Toronto, San Francisco, and Melbourne," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).

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