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Estimation of Ecological Compensation Standards for Fallow Heavy Metal-Polluted Farmland in China Based on Farmer Willingness to Accept

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  • Xue Xie

    (Institute of Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China
    School of Tourism and Urban Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330032, China)

  • Hualin Xie

    (Institute of Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China)

  • Cheng Shu

    (Institute of Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China)

  • Qing Wu

    (School of Tourism and Urban Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330032, China)

  • Hua Lu

    (Institute of Ecological Civilization, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China)

Abstract

In the context of China’s trial fallow policy; the heavy metal pollution of farmland is addressed via field surveys in Hunan Province, where the fallow policy has been implemented, and in Jiangxi Province, where it has not been implemented. We measured and analyzed willingness to accept (WTA) using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Farmer awareness of heavy metal pollution and pollution sources is higher in Jiangxi Province than in Hunan Province; (2) Ignoring the impact of other factors, the WTA of farmers is 902 (yuan /mu) in Jiangxi Province and 902.26 (yuan /mu) in Hunan Province. Considering the influence of the basic characteristics of the respondents using the parameter estimation method, the WTA of farmers is 839.34 (yuan/mu) in Jiangxi Province and 934.39 (yuan/mu) in Hunan Province. There is little difference in WTA between the two provinces, but both estimates are higher than the national compensation standards; (3) The factors that affect the WTA of farmers in Jiangxi Province are gender, education level, average annual income and per capita arable land. The factors that affect the WTA of farmers in Hunan Province are age, education level, family size, average annual income, per capita arable land area and farmer occupation; (4) At present, the means and methods of compensation for the implementation of the fallow policy are recognized by most farmers. The paper concludes with some policy suggestions based on above findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Xue Xie & Hualin Xie & Cheng Shu & Qing Wu & Hua Lu, 2017. "Estimation of Ecological Compensation Standards for Fallow Heavy Metal-Polluted Farmland in China Based on Farmer Willingness to Accept," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:10:p:1859-:d:115373
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    2. Xie, Hualin & Jin, Shengtian, 2019. "Evolutionary Game Analysis of Fallow Farmland Behaviors of Different Types of Farmers and Local Governments," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    3. Youzhen Xiang & Haiyang Zou & Fucang Zhang & Shengcai Qiang & You Wu & Shicheng Yan & Haidong Wang & Lifeng Wu & Junliang Fan & Xiukang Wang, 2018. "Effect of Irrigation Level and Irrigation Frequency on the Growth of Mini Chinese Cabbage and Residual Soil Nitrate Nitrogen," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-20, December.
    4. Junfeng Zhang & Anlu Zhang & Min Song, 2020. "Ecological Benefit Spillover and Ecological Financial Transfer of Cultivated Land Protection in River Basins: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-20, August.
    5. Rasheed, Shenaz & Venkatesh, P. & Singh, Dharam Raj & Renjini, V.R. & Jha, Girish Kumar & Sharma, Dinesh Kumar, 2021. "Ecosystem valuation and eco-compensation for conservation of traditional paddy ecosystems and varieties in Kerala, India," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    6. Liuyang Yao & Minjuan Zhao & Yu Cai & Zhaowei Yin, 2018. "Public Preferences for the Design of a Farmland Retirement Project: Using Choice Experiments in Urban and Rural Areas of Wuwei, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-16, May.
    7. Lei Yan & Xubin Lei & Kairong Hong & Hui Li & Mengyuan Chen, 2022. "Improving Farmer Willingness to Participate in the Transfer of Land Rights in Rural China: A Preference-Based Income Distribution Scheme," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-22, March.
    8. Hua Lu, 2019. "Impact of Non-Agricultural Employment and Environmental Awareness on Farmers’ Willingness to Govern the Heavy Metal Pollution of Farmland: A Case Study of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-16, April.
    9. Xie, Hualin & Cheng, Lingjuan & Lu, Hua, 2018. "Farmers’ responses to the winter wheat fallow policy in the groundwater funnel area of China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 195-204.
    10. Yongrok Choi, 2018. "Regional Cooperation for the Sustainable Development and Management in Northeast Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-8, February.
    11. Md Rokonuzzaman & Zhihong Ye & Chuan Wu & Wai-Chin Li, 2023. "Arsenic Elevated Groundwater Irrigation: Farmers’ Perception of Rice and Vegetable Contamination in a Naturally Arsenic Endemic Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-19, March.
    12. Jia He & Yu Wan & Zhonglin Tang & Xiaodong Zhu & Chuanhao Wen, 2019. "A Developed Framework for the Multi-District Ecological Compensation Standards Integrating Ecosystem Service Zoning in an Urban Area in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-24, September.
    13. Kunpeng Wang & Minghao Ou & Zinabu Wolde, 2020. "Regional Differences in Ecological Compensation for Cultivated Land Protection: An Analysis of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-16, November.
    14. Li, Guifang & Shi, Minjun & Zhou, Dingyang, 2021. "How much will farmers be compensated for water reallocation from agricultural water to the local ecological sector on the edge of an oasis in the Heihe River Basin?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    15. Xie, H., 2018. "Farmers' Response to Winter Wheat Fallow Policy in the Groundwater Funnel Area of China: Case Study of the Hengshui Area, Hebei Province," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277185, International Association of Agricultural Economists.

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