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A Comparative Study of Fouling and Bottom Ash from Woody Biomass Combustion in a Fixed-Bed Small-Scale Boiler and Evaluation of the Analytical Techniques Used

Author

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  • Lara Febrero

    (Industrial Engineering School, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Enrique Granada

    (Industrial Engineering School, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • David Patiño

    (Industrial Engineering School, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Pablo Eguía

    (Industrial Engineering School, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

  • Araceli Regueiro

    (Industrial Engineering School, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain)

Abstract

In this work, fouling and bottom ash were collected from a low-power boiler after wood pellet combustion and studied using several analytical techniques to characterize and compare samples from different areas and determine the suitability of the analysis techniques employed. TGA results indicated that the fouling contained a high amount of organic matter (70%). The XRF and SEM-EDS measurements revealed that Ca and K are the main inorganic elements and exhibit clear tendency in the content of Cl that is negligible in the bottom ash and increased as it penetrated into the innermost layers of the fouling. Calcite, magnesia and silica appeared as the major crystalline phases in all the samples. However, the bottom ash was primarily comprised of calcium silicates. The KCl behaved identically to the Cl, preferably appeared in the adhered fouling samples. This salt, which has a low melting point, condenses upon contact with the low temperature tube and played a crucial role in the early stages of fouling formation. XRD was the most useful technique applied, which provided a semi-quantitative determination of the crystalline phases. FTIR was proven to be inadequate for this type of sample. The XRF and SEM-EDS, techniques yield similar results despite being entirely different.

Suggested Citation

  • Lara Febrero & Enrique Granada & David Patiño & Pablo Eguía & Araceli Regueiro, 2015. "A Comparative Study of Fouling and Bottom Ash from Woody Biomass Combustion in a Fixed-Bed Small-Scale Boiler and Evaluation of the Analytical Techniques Used," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-19, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:5:p:5819-5837:d:49425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saidur, R. & Abdelaziz, E.A. & Demirbas, A. & Hossain, M.S. & Mekhilef, S., 2011. "A review on biomass as a fuel for boilers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(5), pages 2262-2289, June.
    2. Yuanyuan Shao & Jinsheng Wang & Fernando Preto & Jesse Zhu & Chunbao Xu, 2012. "Ash Deposition in Biomass Combustion or Co-Firing for Power/Heat Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-19, December.
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    2. Magdalena Kachel & Artur Kraszkiewicz & Alaa Subr & Stanisław Parafiniuk & Artur Przywara & Milan Koszel & Grzegorz Zając, 2020. "Impact of the Type of Fertilization and the Addition of Glycerol on the Quality of Spring Rape Straw Pellets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-11, February.
    3. Yi Zhang & Guanmin Zhang & Min Wei & Zhenqiang Gao & Maocheng Tian & Fang He, 2019. "Comparisons of Acid and Water Solubilities of Rice Straw Ash Together with Its Major Ash-Forming Elements at Different Ashing Temperatures: An Experimental Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, April.
    4. Juan Jesús Rico & Raquel Pérez-Orozco & Natalia Cid & Ana Larrañaga & José Luis Míguez Tabarés, 2020. "Viability of Agricultural and Forestry Residues as Biomass Fuels in the Galicia-North Portugal Region: An Experimental Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-20, October.
    5. Barbanera, M. & Cotana, F. & Di Matteo, U., 2018. "Co-combustion performance and kinetic study of solid digestate with gasification biochar," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 597-605.
    6. Araceli Regueiro & Lucie Jezerská & David Patiño & Raquel Pérez-Orozco & Jan Nečas & Martin Žídek, 2017. "Experimental Study of the Viability of Low-Grade Biofuels in Small-Scale Appliances," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-16, October.
    7. Araceli Regueiro & Lucie Jezerská & Raquel Pérez-Orozco & David Patiño & Jiří Zegzulka & Jan Nečas, 2019. "Viability Evaluation of Three Grass Biofuels: Experimental Study in a Small-Scale Combustor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.

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