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Blue Light Hazard and Risk Group Classification of 8 W LED Tubes, Replacing Fluorescent Tubes, through Optical Radiation Measurements

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  • Francesco Leccese

    (LIghting and Acoustic Laboratory (LIA), Department of Energy engineering, Systems, Territory and Construction (DESTeC), University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy)

  • Viola Vandelanotte

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, KU Leuven, Technology Campus-Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Giacomo Salvadori

    (LIghting and Acoustic Laboratory (LIA), Department of Energy engineering, Systems, Territory and Construction (DESTeC), University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy)

  • Michele Rocca

    (LIghting and Acoustic Laboratory (LIA), Department of Energy engineering, Systems, Territory and Construction (DESTeC), University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy)

Abstract

In this paper, the authors discuss the results of a measurement survey of artificial optical radiation emitted by 8 W LED tubes suitable for the substitution of 18 W fluorescent lamps used for general lighting. For both types of lamps, three different color temperatures were chosen, 3000 K, 4000 K, and 6000 K. These measurements were performed to evaluate the photobiological safety of the sources. The radiance and irradiance values have been measured in a wide range of wavelengths (180–3000 nm). The measurement results obtained for the LED tubes have been compared to those of similar measurements obtained for fluorescent lamps. The analysis has been focused on the range of wavelengths 300–700 nm, the blue light range, which turned out to be defining for the risk groups of the lamps. This classification is a function of the maximum permissible exposure time as indicated in the European Standard EN 62471 on the photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Leccese & Viola Vandelanotte & Giacomo Salvadori & Michele Rocca, 2015. "Blue Light Hazard and Risk Group Classification of 8 W LED Tubes, Replacing Fluorescent Tubes, through Optical Radiation Measurements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:10:p:13454-13468:d:56623
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Khan, N. & Abas, N., 2011. "Comparative study of energy saving light sources," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 296-309, January.
    2. Francesco Leccese & Giacomo Salvadori & Matteo Casini & Marco Bertozzi, 2014. "Analysis and Measurements of Artificial Optical Radiation (AOR) Emitted by Lighting Sources Found in Offices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(9), pages 1-14, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Giacomo Salvadori & Fabio Fantozzi & Michele Rocca & Francesco Leccese, 2016. "The Energy Audit Activity Focused on the Lighting Systems in Historical Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Nona Schulte-Römer & Josiane Meier & Max Söding & Etta Dannemann, 2019. "The LED Paradox: How Light Pollution Challenges Experts to Reconsider Sustainable Lighting," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-17, November.
    3. Wojciech Wawrzyński & Mariusz Zieja & Justyna Tomaszewska & Mariusz Michalski & Grzegorz Kamiński & Dawid Wabik, 2022. "The Potential Impact of Laser Pointers on Aviation Safety," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Fabio Fantozzi & Francesco Leccese & Giacomo Salvadori & Michele Rocca & Marco Garofalo, 2016. "LED Lighting for Indoor Sports Facilities: Can Its Use Be Considered as Sustainable Solution from a Techno-Economic Standpoint?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-13, June.
    5. Farzana Parveen Tajudeen & Noor Ismawati Jaafar & Ainin Sulaiman & Sedigheh Moghavvemi, 2020. "Light Emitting Diode (LED) Usage in Organizations: Impact on Environmental and Economic Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.

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