IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v5y2013i5p1944-1959d25427.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sustainable Complex Triangular Cells for the Evaluation of CO 2 Emissions by Individuals instead of Nations in a Scenario for 2030

Author

Listed:
  • Marcelo Sthel

    (Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-603, Brazil)

  • José Glauco Tostes

    (Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-603, Brazil)

  • Juliana Tavares

    (Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF), Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-603, Brazil
    Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia (IFF), Rua Dr. Siqueira, 273, Campos dos Goytacazes 28030-130, Brazil)

Abstract

The concept of sustainable complex triangular cells may be applied to an individual of any human society. This concept was introduced in two recent articles. A case study was proposed to show the applicability of this new concept to Indian populations without contact with civilization and with a low environmental impact. Here we propose to apply this concept to a recent study, which claims that the concept of “common but differentiated responsibilities” refers to the emissions of individuals instead of nations. The income distribution of a country was used to estimate how its fossil fuel CO 2 emissions are distributed among its citizens and, from that a global CO 2 distribution was constructed. We propose the extension of the concept of complex triangular cells where its area would be equivalent to the CO 2 emission per individual. In addition, a new three-dimensional geometric model for the regular hexagonal structure is offered in which the sharing of natural resources (human cooperation) is employed to reduce CO 2 emissions in two scenarios by 2030.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcelo Sthel & José Glauco Tostes & Juliana Tavares, 2013. "Sustainable Complex Triangular Cells for the Evaluation of CO 2 Emissions by Individuals instead of Nations in a Scenario for 2030," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(5), pages 1-16, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:5:y:2013:i:5:p:1944-1959:d:25427
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/5/5/1944/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/5/5/1944/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kerry Emanuel, 2005. "Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years," Nature, Nature, vol. 436(7051), pages 686-688, August.
    2. Henrich, Joseph, 2004. "Cultural group selection, coevolutionary processes and large-scale cooperation," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 3-35, January.
    3. Michael E. Mann & Raymond S. Bradley & Malcolm K. Hughes, 1998. "Global-scale temperature patterns and climate forcing over the past six centuries," Nature, Nature, vol. 392(6678), pages 779-787, April.
    4. W. A. Kurz & C. C. Dymond & G. Stinson & G. J. Rampley & E. T. Neilson & A. L. Carroll & T. Ebata & L. Safranyik, 2008. "Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change," Nature, Nature, vol. 452(7190), pages 987-990, April.
    5. Ernst Fehr & Simon Gächter, 2002. "Altruistic punishment in humans," Nature, Nature, vol. 415(6868), pages 137-140, January.
    6. Jan Beck, 2013. "Predicting climate change effects on agriculture from ecological niche modeling: who profits, who loses?," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 116(2), pages 177-189, January.
    7. Thure E. Cerling & Jonathan G. Wynn & Samuel A. Andanje & Michael I. Bird & David Kimutai Korir & Naomi E. Levin & William Mace & Anthony N. Macharia & Jay Quade & Christopher H. Remien, 2011. "Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years," Nature, Nature, vol. 476(7358), pages 51-56, August.
    8. Jeffrey Andrews & Debra J. Davidson, 2013. "Cell-Gazing Into the Future: What Genes, Homo heidelbergensis , and Punishment Tell Us About Our Adaptive Capacity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-10, February.
    9. Derrick Hambly & Jean Andrey & Brian Mills & Chris Fletcher, 2013. "Projected implications of climate change for road safety in Greater Vancouver, Canada," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 116(3), pages 613-629, February.
    10. Peter M. Cox & David Pearson & Ben B. Booth & Pierre Friedlingstein & Chris Huntingford & Chris D. Jones & Catherine M. Luke, 2013. "Sensitivity of tropical carbon to climate change constrained by carbon dioxide variability," Nature, Nature, vol. 494(7437), pages 341-344, February.
    11. Kevin J. Flynn & Jerry C. Blackford & Mark E. Baird & John A. Raven & Darren R. Clark & John Beardall & Colin Brownlee & Heiner Fabian & Glen L. Wheeler, 2012. "Changes in pH at the exterior surface of plankton with ocean acidification," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(7), pages 510-513, July.
    12. Martin A. Nowak & Corina E. Tarnita & Edward O. Wilson, 2010. "The evolution of eusociality," Nature, Nature, vol. 466(7310), pages 1057-1062, August.
    13. Frank Marlowe, 2004. "What explains hadza food sharing?," Framed Field Experiments 00190, The Field Experiments Website.
    14. Kevin J. Flynn & Jerry C. Blackford & Mark E. Baird & John A. Raven & Darren R. Clark & John Beardall & Colin Brownlee & Heiner Fabian & Glen L. Wheeler, 2012. "Erratum: Changes in pH at the exterior surface of plankton with ocean acidification," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(10), pages 760-760, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ekhi Atutxa & Imanol Zubero & Iñigo Calvo-Sotomayor, 2020. "Scalability of Low Carbon Energy Communities in Spain: An Empiric Approach from the Renewed Commons Paradigm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-23, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stoelhorst, J.W. & Richerson, Peter J., 2013. "A naturalistic theory of economic organization," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 90(S), pages 45-56.
    2. Kenju Kamei & Smriti Sharma & Matthew J. Walker, 2023. "Sanction Enforcement among Third Parties:New Experimental Evidence from Two Societies," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2023-010, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    3. William Heller & K. Sieberg, 2008. "Functional unpleasantness: the evolutionary logic of righteous resentment," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 135(3), pages 399-413, June.
    4. Heller, William B. & Sieberg, Katri K., 2010. "Honor among thieves: Cooperation as a strategic response to functional unpleasantness," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 351-362, September.
    5. Bogliacino, Francesco & Codagnone, Cristiano, 2021. "Microfoundations, behaviour, and evolution: Evidence from experiments," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 372-385.
    6. van den Bergh, Jeroen C.J.M. & Gowdy, John M., 2009. "A group selection perspective on economic behavior, institutions and organizations," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 1-20, October.
    7. Simon Gaechter & Benedikt Herrmann, 2008. "Reciprocity, culture, and human cooperation: Previous insights and a new cross-cultural experiment," Discussion Papers 2008-14, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.
    8. Ricardo Guzman & Robert Rowthorn & Carlos Rodríguez Sickert, 2008. "Teorías De La Evolución Del Comportamiento Cooperativo: Una Revisión Crítica," Abante, Escuela de Administracion. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 11(1), pages 3-18.
    9. Bochet, Olivier & Page, Talbot & Putterman, Louis, 2006. "Communication and punishment in voluntary contribution experiments," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 60(1), pages 11-26, May.
    10. Rowthorn, Robert E. & Guzmán, Ricardo Andrés & Rodríguez-Sickert, Carlos, 2009. "Theories of the evolution of cooperative behaviour: A critical survey plus some new results," MPRA Paper 12574, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Simon Gaechter & Benedikt Herrmann & Christian Thöni, 2010. "Culture and Cooperation," CESifo Working Paper Series 3070, CESifo.
      • Simon Gaechter & Benedikt Herrmann & Christian Thoeni, 2010. "Culture and Cooperation," Discussion Papers 2010-09, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.
      • Simon Gaechter & Benedikt Herrmann & Christian Thoeni, 2010. "Culture and Cooperation," Discussion Papers 2010-09, The Centre for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, School of Economics, University of Nottingham.
    12. Paolo Antonetti & Stan Maklan, 2018. "Identity Bias in Negative Word of Mouth Following Irresponsible Corporate Behavior: A Research Model and Moderating Effects," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 149(4), pages 1005-1023, June.
    13. Mullins, Daniel A. & Whitehouse, Harvey & Atkinson, Quentin D., 2013. "The role of writing and recordkeeping in the cultural evolution of human cooperation," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 90(S), pages 141-151.
    14. Friedman, Daniel & Singh, Nirvikar, 2009. "Equilibrium vengeance," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 66(2), pages 813-829, July.
    15. Mike Farjam & Marco Faillo & Ida Sprinkhuizen-Kuyper & Pim Haselager, 2015. "Punishment Mechanisms and Their Effect on Cooperation: A Simulation Study," Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, vol. 18(1), pages 1-5.
    16. Georg Schwesinger, 2013. "Natural and Economic Selection - Lessons from the Evo-Devo and Multilevel Selection Debate," Jena Economics Research Papers 2013-014, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    17. Johnson, Dominic D.P. & Price, Michael E. & Van Vugt, Mark, 2013. "Darwin's invisible hand: Market competition, evolution and the firm," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 90(S), pages 128-140.
    18. Safarzyńska, Karolina, 2013. "Evolutionary-economic policies for sustainable consumption," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 187-195.
    19. Kenju Kamei & Smriti Sharma & Matthew J. Walker, 2023. "Collective Sanction Enforcement: New Experimental Evidence from Two Societies," Keio-IES Discussion Paper Series 2023-014, Institute for Economics Studies, Keio University.
    20. Swami Iyer & Timothy Killingback, 2020. "Evolution of Cooperation in Social Dilemmas with Assortative Interactions," Games, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-31, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:5:y:2013:i:5:p:1944-1959:d:25427. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.