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Climate Assessment of Vegetable Oil and Biodiesel from Camelina Grown as an Intermediate Crop in Cereal-Based Crop Rotations in Cold Climate Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Hanna Karlsson Potter

    (Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7032, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • Dalia M. M. Yacout

    (Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7032, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden)

  • Kajsa Henryson

    (Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7032, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden)

Abstract

The oilseed crop winter camelina ( Camelina sativa ) is attracting increasing interest for biofuel production. This study assessed the climate impacts of growing camelina as an intermediate crop in northern Europe (Sweden) for the production of vegetable oil and biofuel. Climate impacts were analyzed using life cycle assessment (LCA), while impacts on biodiversity and eutrophication were discussed. Three functional units were considered: 1 ha of land use, 1 kg of oil, and 1 MJ biofuel (hydrogenated vegetable oil, HVO). The results showed that dry matter yield over the whole crop rotation was higher in the camelina crop rotation, despite the lower yield of peas due to relay cropping with camelina. In the whole camelina crop rotation, fat production more than doubled, protein and fiber production marginally increased, and the production of carbohydrates decreased. Higher climate impacts related to field operations and fertilizer use in the camelina crop rotation, with associated N 2 O emissions, were compensated for by increased soil carbon accumulation due to the increased return of organic matter from the additional crop in the rotation. The total climate impact was around 0.5 kg CO 2 eq/kg camelina oil when macronutrient allocation was used. The global warming potential was 15 g CO 2 eq/MJ HVO, or 27 g CO 2 eq/MJ HVO when soil organic carbon effects were not included, representing an 84% and 71% reduction, respectively, compared with fossil fuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Hanna Karlsson Potter & Dalia M. M. Yacout & Kajsa Henryson, 2023. "Climate Assessment of Vegetable Oil and Biodiesel from Camelina Grown as an Intermediate Crop in Cereal-Based Crop Rotations in Cold Climate Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:16:p:12574-:d:1220326
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krohn, Brian J. & Fripp, Matthias, 2012. "A life cycle assessment of biodiesel derived from the “niche filling” energy crop camelina in the USA," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 92-98.
    2. Piernicola Masella & Incoronata Galasso, 2020. "A Comparative Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Study of Bio-Energy Feedstock from Camelina sativa , an Italian Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-21, November.
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