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Enhanced Bioconversion of Methane to Biodiesel by Methylosarcina sp. LC-4

Author

Listed:
  • Nivedita Sana

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India)

  • Dali Naidu Arnepalli

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India)

  • Chandraraj Krishnan

    (Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India)

Abstract

The conversion of methane into liquid biofuels using methane-consuming bacteria, known as methanotrophs, contributes to sustainable development, as it mitigates the problem of climate change caused by greenhouse gases and aids in producing cleaner and renewable energy. In the present research, an efficient methanotroph, Methylosarcina sp. LC-4, was studied as a prospective organism for biodiesel production using methane. The methane uptake rate by the organism was enhanced 1.6 times and 2.35 times by supplementing LC-4 with micronutrients, such as copper and tungstate, respectively. This unique ability of the isolated organism enables the deployment of methanotrophs-based processes in various industrial applications. A Plackett–Burman statistical (PBD) design was used to quantify the role of the micronutrients and other media components present in the nitrate minimal salt media (NMS) in biomass and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yields. Nitrate, phosphate, and tungstate had a positive effect, whereas copper, magnesium, and salinity had a negative effect. The modified NMS media, formulated according to the results from the PBD analysis, increased the FAME yield (mg/L) by 85.7%, with the FAME content of 13 ± 1% ( w / w ) among the highest reported in methanotrophs. The obtained FAME consisted majorly (~90%) of C 14 –C 18 saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, making it suitable for use as biodiesel.

Suggested Citation

  • Nivedita Sana & Dali Naidu Arnepalli & Chandraraj Krishnan, 2022. "Enhanced Bioconversion of Methane to Biodiesel by Methylosarcina sp. LC-4," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:505-:d:1017604
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. AlSayed, Ahmed & Fergala, Ahmed & Khattab, Saif & ElSharkawy, Adham & Eldyasti, Ahmed, 2018. "Optimization of methane bio-hydroxylation using waste activated sludge mixed culture of type I methanotrophs as biocatalyst," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 755-763.
    2. Karakurt, Izzet & Aydin, Gokhan & Aydiner, Kerim, 2012. "Sources and mitigation of methane emissions by sectors: A critical review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 40-48.
    3. Alex Zappi & Dhan Lord Fortela & William E. Holmes, 2020. "An Assessment of Methanotrophs Producing Industrial-Grade Lipids for Biofuels and Other Commercial Chemicals," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-17, July.
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