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Water Pollution and Its Causes in the Tuojiang River Basin, China: An Artificial Neural Network Analysis

Author

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  • Zheng Zeng

    (College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

  • Wei-Ge Luo

    (College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

  • Zhe Wang

    (College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

  • Fa-Cheng Yi

    (College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

Abstract

This work aimed to assess the water quality of the Tuojiang River Basin in recent years to provide a better understanding of its current pollution situation, and the potential pollution risks and causes. Water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia–nitrogen (NH 3 -N), total phosphorus (TP), the permanganate index (CODMn), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), pH, and concentrations of various heavy metals were measured in the Tuojiang River, according to the national standards of the People’s Republic of China. Samples were collected between 2012 to 2018 at 11 national monitoring sites in the Tuojiang River Basin. The overall water pollution situation was evaluated with back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) analysis. The pollution causes were analyzed considering both industrial wastewater discharge in the upper reaches and the current pollution situation. We found potential risks of excessive NH 3 -N, TP, Cd, Hg, and Pb concentrations in the Tuojiang River Basin. Moreover, corresponding water pollution control suggestions were given.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng Zeng & Wei-Ge Luo & Zhe Wang & Fa-Cheng Yi, 2021. "Water Pollution and Its Causes in the Tuojiang River Basin, China: An Artificial Neural Network Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:792-:d:480799
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    Cited by:

    1. Zheng Zeng & Wei-Ge Luo & Fa-Cheng Yi & Zhe Wang, 2021. "Cadmium Uptake, In Vivo Metastasis and Subcellular Environmental Response of Five Wetland Plants Using DFT Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Zheng Zeng & Wei-Ge Luo & Fa-Cheng Yi & Feng-Yu Huang & Cheng-Xia Wang & Yi-Ping Zhang & Qiang-Qiang Cheng & Zhe Wang, 2021. "Horizontal Distribution of Cadmium in Urban Constructed Wetlands: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Kai Zhang & Shunjie Wang & Shuyu Liu & Kunlun Liu & Jiayu Yan & Xuejia Li, 2022. "Water Environment Quality Evaluation and Pollutant Source Analysis in Tuojiang River Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.

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