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Impact of Municipal Waste Recycling and Renewable Energy Consumption on CO 2 Emissions across the European Union (EU) Member Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Yilmaz Bayar

    (Department of Public Finance, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200 Bandırma/Balıkesir, Turkey)

  • Marius Dan Gavriletea

    (Department of Business, Business Faculty, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

  • Stefan Sauer

    (FAU/Nuremberg Center of Technology, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany)

  • Dragos Paun

    (Department of Business, Business Faculty, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania)

Abstract

The world population maintains a growing trend and in turn, the amount of municipal waste is also increasing. Rising municipal waste quantity poses a challenge for human beings and the environment, therefore recycling becomes important for environmental sustainability and circular economy. This study explores the effects of municipal waste recycling and renewable energy on the environment sustainability proxied by CO 2 emissions in EU member states over the period from 2004 to 2017 through panel cointegration and causality analyses. Recycling is considered an efficient way to reduce CO 2 emission, but surprisingly our results indicate mixed findings. The causality analysis revealed no significant interaction among recycling rate, renewable energy and CO 2 emissions. However, in the long run, the negative impact of recycling and renewable energy use on CO 2 emissions were revealed but varied among the countries. Results indicate that increasing renewable energy consumption will play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. These findings must raise awareness among policymakers that should focus on the adoption and implementation of different types of sustainable energy policies that can affect directly or indirectly renewable energy sector development.

Suggested Citation

  • Yilmaz Bayar & Marius Dan Gavriletea & Stefan Sauer & Dragos Paun, 2021. "Impact of Municipal Waste Recycling and Renewable Energy Consumption on CO 2 Emissions across the European Union (EU) Member Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:656-:d:478788
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    1. I. Jianu & S. M. Jeloaica & M. D. Tudorache, 2022. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions and its Main Drivers: a Panel Assessment for EU-27 Member States," Papers 2205.00295, arXiv.org.
    2. Xingyao Liu & Kai Wang & Hui Lu, 2023. "Research on Supply Chain Decisions for Production Waste Recovery and Reuse Based on a Recycler Focus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Guoxian Cao & Chaoyang Guo & Hezhong Li, 2022. "Risk Analysis of Public–Private Partnership Waste-to-Energy Incineration Projects from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Ke Zhao & Yang Ding, 2022. "Investigation of Dynamic Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen Droplet Impact on Solid Surface," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-12, January.
    5. Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur & Alam, Khosrul, 2022. "Impact of industrialization and non-renewable energy on environmental pollution in Australia: Do renewable energy and financial development play a mitigating role?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 203-213.
    6. Rossanto Dwi Haryanto & Yessi Rahmawati & Omar Guillermo Rojas Altamirano & Salsabila Fahar Ahsani & Adrianus Kabubu Hudang & Tri Haryanto, 2022. "An Empirical Investigation between FDI, Tourism, and Trade on CO2 Emission in Asia: Testing Environmental Kuznet Curve and Pollution Haven Hypothesis," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(4), pages 385-393, July.
    7. Junsong Jia & Jing Lei & Chundi Chen & Xu Song & Yexi Zhong, 2021. "Contribution of Renewable Energy Consumption to CO 2 Emission Mitigation: A Comparative Analysis from a Global Geographic Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-23, March.
    8. Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur & Alam, Khosrul, 2022. "Effects of corruption, technological innovation, globalisation, and renewable energy on carbon emissions in Asian countries," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    9. Anna Komarnicka & Anna Murawska, 2021. "Comparison of Consumption and Renewable Sources of Energy in European Union Countries—Sectoral Indicators, Economic Conditions and Environmental Impacts," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-24, June.
    10. Wang, Mengxia & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Si Mohammed, Kamel & Cifuentes-Faura, Javier & Cai, Xiaotong, 2023. "Heterogenous Effects of Circular Economy, Green energy and Globalization on CO2 emissions: Policy based analysis for sustainable development," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 789-801.
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    12. Su, Mengying & Yang, Zhongyu & Abbas, Shujaat & Bilan, Yuriy & Majewska, Agnieszka, 2023. "Toward enhancing environmental quality in OECD countries: Role of municipal waste, renewable energy, environmental innovation, and environmental policy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 975-984.

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