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Work from Home and the Use of ICT during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia and Its Impact on Cities in the Future

Author

Listed:
  • Rini Rachmawati

    (Department of Development Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Ulfah Choirunnisa

    (Graduate School on Regional Development, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Zat Ayuningsih Pambagyo

    (Graduate School on Environmental Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Yosi Atikah Syarafina

    (Graduate School on Environmental Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

  • Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari

    (Department of Development Geography, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in restrictions on activities involving physical contact, such as working. Indonesia began to apply the system of work from home (WfH) to minimize the spread risk of COVID-19 in March 2020. This research is aimed at finding out the coverage of WfH, mapping changes of workplace, identifying the use of ICT to support WfH, and analyzing the concept of workplace and work systems in future cities. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative. A questionnaire (Google Form) was sent to different WhatsApp groups whose members are experts in urban and regional planning, geography, the environment, smart cities, and IT, with total of 176 respondents. The focus group discussion conducted online focused on the use of ICT to support WfH during the COVID-19 pandemic. The result of this research shows that even before the pandemic, both the government and private sectors had a plan to apply WfH. Because of the pandemic, it became the catalyst for the implementation of WfH. The implementation of WfH has changed workplace orientation. The use of ICT was a primary need in implementing WfH during the pandemic. However, the WfH system implemented in the government sector has not been integrated, and neither has the one in private sectors. WfH is seen to have been effective enough, but it still needs lots of support from many sectors. In the future, WfH can still be maintained, along with working from the office (WfO). The WfH concept is highly recommended for big cities because it can support reduced population mobilization, resulting in reduced congestion and movement costs, and improved efficiency of working time by reducing travel time. On the other hand, it can help in the matter of limited of space that office buildings provide.

Suggested Citation

  • Rini Rachmawati & Ulfah Choirunnisa & Zat Ayuningsih Pambagyo & Yosi Atikah Syarafina & Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari, 2021. "Work from Home and the Use of ICT during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia and Its Impact on Cities in the Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6760-:d:575257
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Fatma Lestari & Margaret Cook & Kelly Johnstone & Miranda Surya Wardhany & Robiana Modjo & Baiduri Widanarko & Devie Fitri Octaviani, 2022. "COVID-19 in the Workplace in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-23, February.
    2. Aini Farmania & Riska Dwinda Elsyah & Ananda Fortunisa, 2022. "The Phenomenon of Technostress during the COVID-19 Pandemic Due to Work from Home in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Fortuna, Fabio & Rossi, Luca & Elmo, Grazia Chiara & Arcese, Gabriella, 2023. "Italians and smart working: A technical study on the effects of smart working on the society," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    4. Thang Muan Piang, 2022. "Working from home during the Covid-19 pandemic and its effect on employees and students," Eximia Journal, Plus Communication Consulting SRL, vol. 5(1), pages 195-240, July.
    5. Valentin Kuleto & Milena P. Ilić & Nevenka Popović Šević & Marko Ranković & Dušan Stojaković & Milutin Dobrilović, 2021. "Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Teaching Process in Higher Education in the Republic of Serbia during COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-20, November.
    6. Wang, Richard & Ye, Zhongnan & Lu, Miaojia & Hsu, Shu-Chien, 2022. "Understanding post-pandemic work-from-home behaviours and community level energy reduction via agent-based modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    7. Peter Karacsony & Kornél Krupánszki & Imrich Antalík, 2022. "Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on the Hungarian Employees," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-14, February.
    8. Rini Rachmawati & Estuning Tyas Wulan Mei & Idea Wening Nurani & Rizki Adriadi Ghiffari & Amandita Ainur Rohmah & Martina Ayu Sejati, 2021. "Innovation in Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Best Practices from Five Smart Cities in Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-30, November.

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