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Comparison of Energy Efficiency Indicators of Road Transportation for Modeling Environmental Sustainability in “Green” Circular Industry

Author

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  • Teijo Palander

    (Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland)

  • Hanna Haavikko

    (Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland)

  • Emma Kortelainen

    (Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland, P.O. Box 309, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland)

  • Kalle Kärhä

    (Stora Enso Wood Supply Finland, P.O. Box 309, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland)

Abstract

The Finnish forest industry is committed to applying novel technologies for increasing carbon-neutral development and environmental sustainability in “green” circular industry. This study compares the energy efficiency indicators of road freight transportation. Additionally, effects of four mass limits of vehicle combinations are analyzed after a three-year adaptation process that took place in a wood procurement region of 100% renewable resources. The wood-based energy efficiency model (load’s wood energy/fossil transport energy) was the most accurate and precise measure as the development indicator. The indicator showed that the transportation systems (60, 64, 68, and 76 t) and (64, 68, and 76 t) were carbon negative (122, 133, 144, and 108) (142, 147, and 133) in 2014 and 2016, respectively. The numbers reveal positive energy ratio of renewable wood and fossil fuels. In comparison to 60 t, the use of 68 t vehicles increased energy efficiency most effectively in the systems, by 18.0% and 20.5%, respectively. The indicator robustly revealed the energy efficiency of a partial system in the smaller supply region, which depended on the region’s transportation conditions. This novel knowledge can be applied for advancing the adaptation toward carbon-neutral supply networks. There is also the development potential of an industrial ecosystem model for optimizing the environmental sustainability of “green” circular industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Teijo Palander & Hanna Haavikko & Emma Kortelainen & Kalle Kärhä, 2020. "Comparison of Energy Efficiency Indicators of Road Transportation for Modeling Environmental Sustainability in “Green” Circular Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:7:p:2740-:d:339489
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    1. Teijo Palander & Stelian Alexandru Borz & Kalle Kärhä, 2021. "Impacts of Road Infrastructure on the Environmental Efficiency of High Capacity Transportation in Harvesting of Renewable Wood Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Teijo Palander, 2023. "Data-Driven Internal Carbon Pricing Mechanism for Improving Wood Procurement in Integrated Energy and Material Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-10, April.
    3. Baburam Rijal & Luc LeBel & Shuva H. Gautam & Pierre Cantegril, 2020. "A Sequential Optimization Approach in Tactical Planning for Value Creation in the Forest Products Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-23, June.
    4. Teijo Palander & Jari Takkinen, 2021. "The Optimum Wood Procurement Scenario and Its Dynamic Management for Integrated Energy and Material Production in Carbon-Neutral Forest Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-19, July.

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