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The Interactive Impact of Building Diversity on the Thermal Balance and Micro-Climate Change under the Influence of Rapid Urbanization

Author

Listed:
  • Mehdi Makvandi

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Baofeng Li

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Mohamed Elsadek

    (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)

  • Zeinab Khodabakhshi

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University of Izeh, Izeh 6391675568, Iran)

  • Mohsen Ahmadi

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Numerous cities face the serious problems of rapid urbanization and climate change, especially in recent years. Among all cities, Wuhan is one of the most affected by these changes, accompanied by the transformation of water surfaces into urban lands and the decline of natural ventilation. This study investigated the impact of surface urban heat island enlargement (SUHI) and block morphology changes in heat balance. Accordingly, the interactive impact of building diversity with major building forms (low-rise, mid-rise, and high-rise) on thermal balance and microclimate changes under the influence of urban land expansion at the residential block scale was studied. To investigate the heat balance changes by air temperature intensification and air movement reduction, a long-term and field observational analysis (1980–2018) coupled with computational fluid dynamic simulation (CFD) was used to evaluate the impact of building diversity on thermal balance. Outcomes show that urban heat island intensity (UHII) increased by 2 °C when water surfaces in urban areas decreased; consequently, there was a deterioration in the air movement to alleviate UHII. Thus, the air movement declined substantially with UHII and SUHI enlargement, which, through increased urban surfaces and roughness length, will become worse by 2020. Furthermore, the decline in air movement caused by the transformation of urban water bodies cannot contribute to the heat balance unless reinforced by the morphology of the urban blocks. In the design of inner-city blocks, morphological indicators have a significant impact on microclimate and heat balance, where increasing building density and plot ratio will increase UHII, and increasing water surfaces will result in an increase in urban ventilation. Lastly, a substantial correlation between air temperature and relative humidity was found, which, together with the block indicators, can help control the air temperature and adjust the urban microclimate.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehdi Makvandi & Baofeng Li & Mohamed Elsadek & Zeinab Khodabakhshi & Mohsen Ahmadi, 2019. "The Interactive Impact of Building Diversity on the Thermal Balance and Micro-Climate Change under the Influence of Rapid Urbanization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:6:p:1662-:d:215364
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Biao Wang, 2020. "Urban Wind Energy Evaluation with Urban Morphology," Chapters, in: Karam Youssef Maalawi (ed.), Modeling, Simulation and Optimization of Wind Farms and Hybrid Systems, IntechOpen.
    4. Toparlar, Y. & Blocken, B. & Maiheu, B. & van Heijst, G.J.F., 2017. "A review on the CFD analysis of urban microclimate," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1613-1640.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mehdi Makvandi & Xilin Zhou & Chuancheng Li & Qinli Deng, 2021. "A Field Investigation on Adaptive Thermal Comfort in an Urban Environment Considering Individuals’ Psychological and Physiological Behaviors in a Cold-Winter of Wuhan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-29, January.
    2. Jiying Liu & Mohammad Heidarinejad & Saber Khoshdel Nikkho & Nicholas W. Mattise & Jelena Srebric, 2019. "Quantifying Impacts of Urban Microclimate on a Building Energy Consumption—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Peng Ren & Xinxin Zhang & Haoyan Liang & Qinglin Meng, 2019. "Assessing the Impact of Land Cover Changes on Surface Urban Heat Islands with High-Spatial-Resolution Imagery on a Local Scale: Workflow and Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-24, September.

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