IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i3p895-d204510.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Temporal and Spatial Changes of Non-Point Source N and P and Its Decoupling from Agricultural Development in Water Source Area of Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Author

Listed:
  • Liguo Zhang

    (Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Zhanqi Wang

    (Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Ji Chai

    (Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Yongpeng Fu

    (Geological Disaster Department, Wuhan Center of Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China)

  • Chao Wei

    (Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Ying Wang

    (Department of Land Resource Management, School of Public Administration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

The quantitative estimation of non-point source (NPS) pollution provides the scientific basis for sustainability in ecologically sensitive regions. This study combined the export coefficient model and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation to estimate the NPS nitrogen (NPS-N) and NPS phosphorus (NPS-P) loads and then evaluated their relationship with Primary Industrial Output Value (PIOV) in the water source area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) for 2000–2015. The estimated results show that: (1) dissolved nitrogen (DN) load increased 0.55%, and dissolved phosphorus (DP) load decreased 4.60% during the 15 years. Annual loads of adsorbed nitrogen (AN) and adsorbed phosphorus (AP) increased significantly before 2005 and then decreased after 2005. Compared with 2000, AN and AP loads in 2015 significantly decreased by 32.72% and 30.81%, respectively. Hanzhong Basin and Ankang Basin are key areas for controlling dissolved pollution, and southern and northern regions are key areas for adsorbed pollution. (2) From 2000 to 2005, NPS pollutants and PIOV showed weak decoupling status. By 2015, NPS pollutants had strong decoupling from PIOV in most counties. (3) Land use has been the main source of NPS-N and NPS-P pollution, accounting for about 75% of NPS-N and 50% of NPS-P based on the average value over the study period. In the future, various measures—such as returning cropland to forest and reducing the number of livestock—could be adopted to reduce the risk of NPS pollution. NPS pollution caused by livestock was grown over the past 15 years and had not yet been effectively controlled, which still needs to be urgently addressed. Collecting ground monitoring data and revising parameters are effective means to improve the accuracy of simulation, which deserve further study. The results will also provide scientific support for sustainable development in similar regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Liguo Zhang & Zhanqi Wang & Ji Chai & Yongpeng Fu & Chao Wei & Ying Wang, 2019. "Temporal and Spatial Changes of Non-Point Source N and P and Its Decoupling from Agricultural Development in Water Source Area of Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:895-:d:204510
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/3/895/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/3/895/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Qingshan Yang & Jie Liu & Yu Zhang, 2017. "Decoupling Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution from Crop Production: A Case Study of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Area, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-11, June.
    2. Gene M. Grossman & Alan B. Krueger, 1995. "Economic Growth and the Environment," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 353-377.
    3. Hongmeng Ye & Xuyin Yuan & Lei Han & Ja Bawk Marip & Jing Qin, 2017. "Risk Assessment of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in a Hilly-Plain Watershed Based on the Different Hydrological Period: A Case Study in Tiaoxi Watershed," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-13, August.
    4. Tapio, Petri, 2005. "Towards a theory of decoupling: degrees of decoupling in the EU and the case of road traffic in Finland between 1970 and 2001," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 137-151, March.
    5. Suleyman Muyibi & Abdul Ambali & Garoot Eissa, 2008. "The Impact of Economic Development on Water Pollution: Trends and Policy Actions in Malaysia," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 22(4), pages 485-508, April.
    6. Luigi Aldieri & Concetto Paolo Vinci, 2017. "The Role of Technology Spillovers in the Process of Water Pollution Abatement for Large International Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-8, May.
    7. Andreoni, V. & Galmarini, S., 2012. "Decoupling economic growth from carbon dioxide emissions: A decomposition analysis of Italian energy consumption," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 682-691.
    8. Liguang Jiang & Zhijun Yao & Zhaofei Liu & Shanshan Wu & Rui Wang & Lei Wang, 2015. "Estimation of soil erosion in some sections of Lower Jinsha River based on RUSLE," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 76(3), pages 1831-1847, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mengjing Guo & Tiegang Zhang & Jing Li & Zhanbin Li & Guoce Xu & Rui Yang, 2019. "Reducing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses from Different Crop Types in the Water Source Area of the Danjiang River, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Mingjing Guo & Ziyu Jiang & Yan Bu & Jinhua Cheng, 2019. "Supporting Sustainable Development of Water Resources: A Social Welfare Maximization Game Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Baolong Han & Nan Meng & Jiatian Zhang & Wenbo Cai & Tong Wu & Lingqiao Kong & Zhiyun Ouyang, 2019. "Assessment and Management of Pressure on Water Quality Protection along the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-14, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yu Zhang & Xiaojiao Zou & Caifen Xu & Qingshan Yang, 2018. "Decoupling Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Crop Production: A Case Study in the Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Area, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Zhang, Zilong & Chen, Xingpeng & Heck, Peter & Xue, Bing & Liu, Ye, 2015. "Empirical study on the environmental pressure versus economic growth in China during 1991–2012," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 182-193.
    3. Zilong Zhang & Bing Xue & Jiaxing Pang & Xingpeng Chen, 2016. "The Decoupling of Resource Consumption and Environmental Impact from Economic Growth in China: Spatial Pattern and Temporal Trend," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-13, February.
    4. Guangxiong Mao & Wei Jin & Ying Zhu & Yanjun Mao & Wei-Ling Hsu & Hsin-Lung Liu, 2021. "Environmental Pollution Effects of Regional Industrial Transfer Illustrated with Jiangsu, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Liobikienė, Genovaitė & Butkus, Mindaugas, 2017. "Environmental Kuznets Curve of greenhouse gas emissions including technological progress and substitution effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 237-248.
    6. Chen, Changhua & Luo, Yuqing & Zou, Hong & Huang, Junbing, 2023. "Understanding the driving factors and finding the pathway to mitigating carbon emissions in China's Yangtze River Delta region," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
    7. Donghui Lv & Ruru Wang & Yu Zhang, 2021. "Sustainability Assessment Based on Integrating EKC with Decoupling: Empirical Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-22, January.
    8. Papież, Monika & Śmiech, Sławomir & Frodyma, Katarzyna, 2022. "Does the European Union energy policy support progress in decoupling economic growth from emissions?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    9. Sheng, Pengfei & Li, Jun & Zhai, Mengxin & Huang, Shoujun, 2020. "Coupling of economic growth and reduction in carbon emissions at the efficiency level: Evidence from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    10. Xue-Ting Jiang & Jie-Fang Dong & Xing-Min Wang & Rong-Rong Li, 2016. "The Multilevel Index Decomposition of Energy-Related Carbon Emission and Its Decoupling with Economic Growth in USA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-16, August.
    11. Lu, Qinli & Yang, Hong & Huang, Xianjin & Chuai, Xiaowei & Wu, Changyan, 2015. "Multi-sectoral decomposition in decoupling industrial growth from carbon emissions in the developed Jiangsu Province, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 414-425.
    12. Li, Ying & Beeton, R.J.S. & Halog, Anthony & Sigler, Thomas, 2016. "Evaluating urban sustainability potential based on material flow analysis of inputs and outputs: A case study in Jinchang City, China," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 87-98.
    13. Rui Jiang & Rongrong Li, 2017. "Decomposition and Decoupling Analysis of Life-Cycle Carbon Emission in China’s Building Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-18, May.
    14. Liu, Tie-Ying & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2020. "Convergence of the world’s energy use," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    15. Ji Zheng & Yingjie Hu & Suocheng Dong & Yu Li, 2019. "The Spatiotemporal Pattern of Decoupling Transport CO 2 Emissions from Economic Growth across 30 Provinces in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-18, May.
    16. Wang, Qiang & Jiang, Xue-ting & Li, Rongrong, 2017. "Comparative decoupling analysis of energy-related carbon emission from electric output of electricity sector in Shandong Province, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 78-88.
    17. Chen, B. & Yang, Q. & Li, J.S. & Chen, G.Q., 2017. "Decoupling analysis on energy consumption, embodied GHG emissions and economic growth — The case study of Macao," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 662-672.
    18. Yu, Bolin & Fang, Debin & Dong, Feng, 2020. "Study on the evolution of thermal power generation and its nexus with economic growth: Evidence from EU regions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    19. Ozdemir, Ali Can, 2023. "Decomposition and decoupling analysis of carbon dioxide emissions in electricity generation by primary fossil fuels in Turkey," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    20. Zhenjie Wang & Donghui Lv, 2022. "Analysis of Agricultural CO 2 Emissions in Henan Province, China, Based on EKC and Decoupling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:3:p:895-:d:204510. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.