IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jrisks/v7y2019i3p76-d246367.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An Urn-Based Nonparametric Modeling of the Dependence between PD and LGD with an Application to Mortgages

Author

Listed:
  • Dan Cheng

    (Applied Probability Group, Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics (DIAM), Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Pasquale Cirillo

    (Applied Probability Group, Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics (DIAM), Delft University of Technology, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.
    Current address: E1.260 Building 28, Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6, 2628 XE Delft, The Netherlands.)

Abstract

We propose an alternative approach to the modeling of the positive dependence between the probability of default and the loss given default in a portfolio of exposures, using a bivariate urn process. The model combines the power of Bayesian nonparametrics and statistical learning, allowing for the elicitation and the exploitation of experts’ judgements, and for the constant update of this information over time, every time new data are available. A real-world application on mortgages is described using the Single Family Loan-Level Dataset by Freddie Mac.

Suggested Citation

  • Dan Cheng & Pasquale Cirillo, 2019. "An Urn-Based Nonparametric Modeling of the Dependence between PD and LGD with an Application to Mortgages," Risks, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-21, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:76-:d:246367
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/3/76/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9091/7/3/76/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jones, E Philip & Mason, Scott P & Rosenfeld, Eric, 1984. "Contingent Claims Analysis of Corporate Capital Structures: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(3), pages 611-625, July.
    2. Paolo Giudici, 2001. "Bayesian data mining, with application to benchmarking and credit scoring," Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(1), pages 69-81, January.
    3. McNeil, Alexander J. & Wendin, Jonathan P., 2007. "Bayesian inference for generalized linear mixed models of portfolio credit risk," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 131-149, March.
    4. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 1995. "A Simple Approach to Valuing Risky Fixed and Floating Rate Debt," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(3), pages 789-819, July.
    5. Geske, Robert, 1977. "The Valuation of Corporate Liabilities as Compound Options," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(4), pages 541-552, November.
    6. Merton, Robert C, 1974. "On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 29(2), pages 449-470, May.
    7. Bruche, Max & González-Aguado, Carlos, 2010. "Recovery rates, default probabilities, and the credit cycle," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 754-764, April.
    8. Edward I. Altman & Brooks Brady & Andrea Resti & Andrea Sironi, 2005. "The Link between Default and Recovery Rates: Theory, Empirical Evidence, and Implications," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 78(6), pages 2203-2228, November.
    9. Ivashina, Victoria & Scharfstein, David, 2010. "Bank lending during the financial crisis of 2008," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 319-338, September.
    10. Yao, Xiao & Crook, Jonathan & Andreeva, Galina, 2017. "Is it obligor or instrument that explains recovery rate: Evidence from US corporate bond," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 1-15.
    11. S Figini & P Giudici, 2011. "Statistical merging of rating models," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 62(6), pages 1067-1074, June.
    12. Bernd Engelmann & Robert Rauhmeier (ed.), 2011. "The Basel II Risk Parameters," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-642-16114-8, September.
    13. Fortini, S. & Petrone, S., 2012. "Hierarchical reinforced urn processes," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(8), pages 1521-1529.
    14. repec:czx:journl:v:18:y:2011:i:28:id:183 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Eichengreen, Barry & Mody, Ashoka & Nedeljkovic, Milan & Sarno, Lucio, 2012. "How the Subprime Crisis went global: Evidence from bank credit default swap spreads," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 1299-1318.
    16. Zhang, Jie & Thomas, Lyn C., 2012. "Comparisons of linear regression and survival analysis using single and mixture distributions approaches in modelling LGD," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 204-215.
    17. Cheng, Dan & Cirillo, Pasquale, 2018. "A reinforced urn process modeling of recovery rates and recovery times," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 1-17.
    18. Duffie, Darrell & Singleton, Kenneth J, 1999. "Modeling Term Structures of Defaultable Bonds," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(4), pages 687-720.
    19. Raffaella Calabrese & Paolo Giudici, 2015. "Estimating bank default with generalised extreme value regression models," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 66(11), pages 1783-1792, November.
    20. Muliere, Pietro & Secchi, Piercesare & G. Walker, Stephen, 2003. "Reinforced random processes in continuous time," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 104(1), pages 117-130, March.
    21. Paola Cerchiello & Paolo Giudici, 2012. "Bayesian Credit Rating Assessment," DEM Working Papers Series 019, University of Pavia, Department of Economics and Management.
    22. Muliere, P. & Secchi, P. & Walker, S. G., 2000. "Urn schemes and reinforced random walks," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 59-78, July.
    23. Peluso, Stefano & Mira, Antonietta & Muliere, Pietro, 2015. "Reinforced urn processes for credit risk models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 184(1), pages 1-12.
    24. Emanuele Amerio & Pietro Muliere & Piercesare Secchi, 2004. "Reinforced Urn Processes For Modeling Credit Default Distributions," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 7(04), pages 407-423.
    25. In Joon Kim & Krishna Ramaswamy & Suresh Sundaresan, 1993. "Does Default Risk in Coupons Affect the Valuation of Corporate Bonds?: A Contingent Claims Model," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 22(3), Fall.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Christoph Frei, 2020. "A New Approach to Risk Attribution and Its Application in Credit Risk Analysis," Risks, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-13, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Stephanie Heck, 2022. "Corporate bond yields and returns: a survey," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 36(2), pages 179-201, June.
    2. Abdelkader Derbali & Lamia Jamel, 2019. "Dependence of Default Probability and Recovery Rate in Structural Credit Risk Models: Case of Greek Banks," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(2), pages 711-733, June.
    3. Giesecke, Kay & Longstaff, Francis A. & Schaefer, Stephen & Strebulaev, Ilya, 2011. "Corporate bond default risk: A 150-year perspective," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 233-250.
    4. Tsung-Kang Chen & Hsien-Hsing Liao & Chia-Wu Lu, 2011. "A flow-based corporate credit model," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 36(4), pages 517-532, May.
    5. Samuel Chege Maina, 2011. "Credit Risk Modelling in Markovian HJM Term Structure Class of Models with Stochastic Volatility," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2011.
    6. Souto Arias, Luis A. & Cirillo, Pasquale, 2021. "Joint and survivor annuity valuation with a bivariate reinforced urn process," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 174-189.
    7. repec:wyi:journl:002109 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Daniel Rösch & Harald Scheule, 2014. "Forecasting Mortgage Securitization Risk Under Systematic Risk and Parameter Uncertainty," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 81(3), pages 563-586, September.
    9. Michael Jacobs, Jr, 2011. "An option theoretic model for ultimate loss-given-default with systematic recovery risk and stochastic returns on defaulted debt," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Portfolio and risk management for central banks and sovereign wealth funds, volume 58, pages 257-285, Bank for International Settlements.
    10. Stephen Zamore & Kwame Ohene Djan & Ilan Alon & Bersant Hobdari, 2018. "Credit Risk Research: Review and Agenda," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(4), pages 811-835, March.
    11. Murphy, Austin & Headley, Adrian, 2022. "An empirical evaluation of alternative fundamental models of credit spreads," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    12. Correia, Ricardo & Población, Javier, 2015. "A structural model with Explicit Distress," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 112-130.
    13. Augusto Castillo, 2004. "Firm and Corporate Bond Valuation: A Simulation Dynamic Programming Approach," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 41(124), pages 345-360.
    14. Hilscher, Jens, 2007. "Is the corporate bond market forward looking?," Working Paper Series 800, European Central Bank.
    15. Rösch, Daniel & Scheule, Harald, 2009. "The Empirical Relation between Credit Quality, Recovery and Correlation," Hannover Economic Papers (HEP) dp-418, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
    16. Duffie, Darrell, 2005. "Credit risk modeling with affine processes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(11), pages 2751-2802, November.
    17. Maclachlan, Iain C, 2007. "An empirical study of corporate bond pricing with unobserved capital structure dynamics," MPRA Paper 28416, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Abel Elizalde, 2006. "Credit Risk Models II: Structural Models," Working Papers wp2006_0606, CEMFI.
    19. Liuren Wu & Frank X. Zhang, 2005. "A no-arbitrage analysis of economic determinants of the credit spread term structure," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2005-59, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    20. International Association of Deposit Insurers, 2011. "Evaluation of Deposit Insurance Fund Sufficiency on the Basis of Risk Analysis," IADI Research Papers 11-11, International Association of Deposit Insurers.
    21. Bank for International Settlements, 2011. "Portfolio and risk management for central banks and sovereign wealth funds," BIS Papers, Bank for International Settlements, number 58.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jrisks:v:7:y:2019:i:3:p:76-:d:246367. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.