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Water Erosion Reduction Using Different Soil Tillage Approaches for Maize ( Zea mays L.) in the Czech Republic

Author

Listed:
  • Ladislav Menšík

    (Division of Crop Management Systems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6–Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

  • David Kincl

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Žabovřeská 250, 156 27 Praha 5–Zbraslav, Czech Republic
    Department of Land Use and Improvement, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha–Suchdol, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Nerušil

    (Division of Crop Management Systems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6–Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Srbek

    (Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Žabovřeská 250, 156 27 Praha 5–Zbraslav, Czech Republic)

  • Lukáš Hlisnikovský

    (Division of Crop Management Systems, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507/73, 161 06 Praha 6–Ruzyně, Czech Republic)

  • Vladimír Smutný

    (Department of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic)

Abstract

In today’s agriculture, maize is considered to be one of the major feed, food and industrial crops. Cultivation of maize by inappropriate agricultural practices and on unsuitable sites is connected with specific risks of soil degradation, mainly due to water erosion of the soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yielding parameters, fodder quality and anti-erosion efficiency of different methods of conservation tillage for maize in two areas (Jevíčko—JEV and Skoupý—SKO) with different climate and soil conditions in the Czech Republic in the period 2016–2018, using multivariate exploratory techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA). Four variants of soil tillage methods were analysed: Conventional Tillage (CT), two slightly different Strip-Till techniques (ST) and Direct Sowing (DS). The analysed parameters were: dry mass of the plants, height of the plants, starch content (SC), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and content of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), soil loss by erosion and surface runoff. The multivariate exploratory techniques PCA and FA significantly differed in two categories of techniques in both locations. The first category consists of soil conservation techniques (SCT): ST (JEV/SKO) and DS (JEV). These techniques are characterised by lower yields of dry mass, lower height of plants, forage quality equal to CT, but a high level of protection of the soil against erosion. The second category consists of CT (JEV and SKO) and partially of DS (SKO). These treatments are characterised by high dry mass production, higher plants, high forage quality, but a feeble capacity of protection of the soil against erosion. The results of the study confirm the presumption of the positive influence of introduction and application of new agronomical practices in the areas of interest and other areas with similar natural conditions in the sense of sustainable management for agricultural management of agricultural land for the conditions of the Czech Republic and therefore of Central and Eastern Europe. PCA and FA were used as an effective method for comprehensive evaluation of the use of STC in agricultural practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Ladislav Menšík & David Kincl & Pavel Nerušil & Jan Srbek & Lukáš Hlisnikovský & Vladimír Smutný, 2020. "Water Erosion Reduction Using Different Soil Tillage Approaches for Maize ( Zea mays L.) in the Czech Republic," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:9:y:2020:i:10:p:358-:d:420848
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blanco, María & Ramos, Fabien & Van Doorslaer, Benjamin & Martínez, Pilar & Fumagalli, Davide & Ceglar, Andrej & Fernández, Francisco J., 2017. "Climate change impacts on EU agriculture: A regionalized perspective taking into account market-driven adjustments," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 52-66.
    2. Claassen, Roger & Bowman, Maria & McFadden, Jonathan & Smith, David & Wallander, Steven, 2018. "Tillage Intensity and Conservation Cropping in the United States," Economic Information Bulletin 277566, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    1. Syed Riaz Ahmed & Zeba Ali & Iram Ijaz & Zafran Khan & Nimra Gul & Soha Pervaiz & Hesham F. Alharby & Daniel K. Y. Tan & Muhammad Sayyam Tariq & Maria Ghaffar & Amir Bibi & Khalid Rehman Hakeem, 2023. "Multi-Trait Selection of Quinoa Ideotypes at Different Levels of Cutting and Spacing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-23, July.
    2. Jakub Elbl & Antonín Kintl & Martin Brtnický & Petr Širůček & Jiří Mezera & Vladimír Smutný & Jan Vopravil & Jiří Holátko & Igor Huňady & Vojtěch Lukas, 2023. "Assessment of the effect of optimised field plot size on the crop yield," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(10), pages 447-462.
    3. Jakub Stašek & Josef Krása & Martin Mistr & Tomáš Dostál & Jan Devátý & Tomáš Středa & Jan Mikulka, 2023. "Using a Rainfall Simulator to Define the Effect of Soil Conservation Techniques on Soil Loss and Water Retention," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-15, February.
    4. Daniel Vejchar & Jan Velebil & Karel Kubín & Jiří Bradna & Jan Malaťák, 2023. "The Effect of Reservoir Cultivation on Conventional Maize in Sandy-Loam Soil," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-12, June.
    5. Jakub Elbl & Antonín Kintl & Martin Brtnický & Petr Širůček & Jiří Mezera & Vladimír Smutný & Jan Vopravil & Jiří Holátko & Igor Huňady & Vojtěch Lukas, . "Assessment of the effect of optimised field plot size on the crop yield," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 0.

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