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New Ecological Paradigm, Leisure Motivation, and Wellbeing Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Recreational Use of Urban Parks before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak

Author

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  • Yanju Luo

    (School of Tourism, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 Longkun South Road, Haikou 571158, China)

  • Jinyang Deng

    (Recreation, Parks and Tourism Resources Program, School of Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Chad Pierskalla

    (Recreation, Parks and Tourism Resources Program, School of Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA)

  • Ju-hyoung Lee

    (Department of Forest Resources, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea)

  • Jiayao Tang

    (School of Architecture, Academy of Art University, 16076 Blazewood Way, San Diego, CA 92127, USA)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an opportunity for us to rethink the relationship between humans and the environment. However, few studies have examined the association between environmental attitudes, motivations, wellbeing, and quality of life in the context of urban green areas before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. This paper investigated the interrelationships among these variables based on data collected in 2019 (before COVID-19) and 2021 (after COVID-19). The results show that the 2021 sample differed significantly from the 2019 sample in environmental attitudes. Respondents after the outbreak with the belief in “humans with nature” were more likely to use urban green areas for being “close to nature” than pre-pandemic respondents. In addition, stronger belief in “humans over nature” led to stronger desire for “social interactions” in 2021 than in 2019, implying a close relationship between people’s perception of humankind’s ability to control nature during the pandemic and their desire to interact with people in urban green areas. The study also found that there may be a pent-up satisfaction among urban dwellers after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanju Luo & Jinyang Deng & Chad Pierskalla & Ju-hyoung Lee & Jiayao Tang, 2022. "New Ecological Paradigm, Leisure Motivation, and Wellbeing Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Recreational Use of Urban Parks before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:8:p:1224-:d:879247
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shuhao Liu & Chang Su & Ruochen Yang & Jianye Zhao & Kun Liu & Kwangmin Ham & Shiro Takeda & Junhua Zhang, 2022. "Using Crowdsourced Big Data to Unravel Urban Green Space Utilization during COVID-19 in Guangzhou, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Barbeitos, Iolanda & Oom do Valle, Patrícia & Guerreiro, Manuela & Mendes, Júlio, 2014. "Visitors’ Motivations, Satisfaction and Loyalty towards Castro Marim Medieval Fair," Journal of Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Cinturs - Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, University of Algarve, vol. 2(1), pages 89-104.
    3. Sung-Kwon Hong & Sang-Woo Lee & Hyun-Kil Jo & Miyeon Yoo, 2019. "Impact of Frequency of Visits and Time Spent in Urban Green Space on Subjective Well-Being," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-25, August.
    4. Salvador García-Ayllón & Phaedon Kyriakidis, 2022. "Spatial Analysis of Environmental Impacts Linked to Changes in Urban Mobility Patterns during COVID-19: Lessons Learned from the Cartagena Case Study," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-19, January.
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    6. Halkos, George & Leonti, Aikaterini & Sardianou, Eleni, 2021. "Activities, motivations and satisfaction of urban parks visitors: A structural equation modeling analysis," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 502-513.
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