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Using Path Analysis and Linear Regression to Test for Gender and Participation: Effects in a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention for Latino Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Jaclynn Hawkins

    (School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Edith C. Kieffer

    (School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Brandy Sinco

    (Center for Healthcare Outcomes & Policy, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, North Campus Research Complex, Bldg. 16, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Gretchen Piatt

    (Department of Learning Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, 1111 E. Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Lenette Jones

    (School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Jamie Mitchell

    (School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Nicolaus Espitia

    (Department of Sociology, Anthropology, Social Work and Criminal Justice Oakland University, 614 Pioneer Dr, Rochester, MI 48309, USA)

  • Alana LeBron

    (School of Public Health, University of California, Irvine, 3151 Social Science Plaza, SST 369 (Chicano/Latino Studies) OR 653 E Peltason Drive, AIRB 2026 (Public Health), Irvine, CA 92697, USA)

  • Katherine A. Kloss

    (School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Katie Kurnick

    (School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA)

  • Gloria Palmsiano

    (Community Health and Social Services Center, 5635 West Fort Street, Detroit, MI 48209, USA)

  • Michael S. Spencer

    (School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

Abstract

While the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher among Latino/as, Latino men are disproportionately affected and have poorer outcomes. We aimed to determine whether gender impacted any outcomes in a culturally tailored type 2 diabetes (T2D) intervention and to evaluate the effects of gender and intervention participation intensity on outcomes at 6-month follow-up. Nested path and regression models were compared with the likelihood ratio test and information criteria in a sample of Latino/a adults with T2D ( n = 222) participating in a T2D community health worker (CHW)-led intervention. Path analysis showed that the effect of the intervention did not vary by gender. The intervention was associated with significant improvements in knowledge of T2D management 0.24 (0.10); p = 0.014, diabetes distress, −0.26 (0.12); p = 0.023, and self-efficacy, 0.61 (0.21); p = 0.005. At 6-month follow-up, improved self-management was associated with greater self-efficacy and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was lower by −0.18 (0.08); p = 0.021 for each unit of self-management behavior. Linear regressions showed that class attendance and home visits contributed to positive intervention results, while gender was non-significant. Pathways of change in a CHW-led culturally tailored T2D intervention can have a significant effect on participant behaviors and health status outcomes, regardless of gender.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaclynn Hawkins & Edith C. Kieffer & Brandy Sinco & Gretchen Piatt & Lenette Jones & Jamie Mitchell & Nicolaus Espitia & Alana LeBron & Katherine A. Kloss & Katie Kurnick & Gloria Palmsiano & Michael , 2022. "Using Path Analysis and Linear Regression to Test for Gender and Participation: Effects in a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention for Latino Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:11982-:d:921838
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Two Feathers, J. & Kieffer, E.C. & Palmisano, G. & Anderson, M. & Sinco, B. & Janz, N. & Heisler, M. & Spencer, M. & Guzman, R. & Thompson, J. & Wisdom, K. & James, S.A., 2005. "Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Detroit partnership: Improving diabetes-related outcomes among African American and Latino adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(9), pages 1552-1560.
    2. Spencer, M.S. & Rosland, A.-M. & Kieffer, E.C. & Sinco, B.R. & Valerio, M. & Palmisano, G. & Anderson, M. & Ricardo Guzman, J. & Heisler, M., 2011. "Effectiveness of a community health worker intervention among African American and Latino adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(12), pages 2253-2260.
    3. Kim, K. & Choi, J.S. & Choi, E. & Nieman, C.L. & Joo, J.H. & Lin, F.R. & Gitlin, L.N. & Han, H.-R., 2016. "Effects of community-based health worker interventions to improve chronic disease management and care among vulnerable populations: A systematic review," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(4), pages 3-28.
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