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The Impact of a Community-Based Food Education Program on Nutrition-Related Knowledge in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

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  • Carlos Vasconcelos

    (Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal)

  • António Almeida

    (Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal)

  • Maria Cabral

    (EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal)

  • Elisabete Ramos

    (EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
    Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal)

  • Romeu Mendes

    (Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
    Public Health Unit, ACES Douro I—Marão e Douro Norte, Northern Region Health Administration, 5000-524 Vila Real, Portugal)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a community-based food education program on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants ( n = 36; 65.9 ± 6.0 years old) were recruited in primary health care to a 9-month community-based lifestyle intervention program for patients with T2D and randomly assigned to an exercise program (control group; n = 16) or an exercise program plus a food education program (experimental group; n = 20). Nutrition-related knowledge was assessed through a modified version of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire. The increase in total nutrition-related knowledge score and sources of nutrients area score was significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. No significant changes in nutrition-related knowledge were found between groups in dietary recommendations and diet-disease relationship areas, although improvements were observed. This community-based food education program, with the use of easy to implement strategies (short-duration lectures and dual-task problem solving activities during exercise), had a positive and encouraging impact on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with T2D.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Vasconcelos & António Almeida & Maria Cabral & Elisabete Ramos & Romeu Mendes, 2019. "The Impact of a Community-Based Food Education Program on Nutrition-Related Knowledge in Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Results of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2403-:d:246166
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ye Li & Meihong Xu & Rui Fan & Xiaotao Ma & Jiaojiao Gu & Xiaxia Cai & Rui Liu & Qihe Chen & Jinwei Ren & Ruixue Mao & Lei Bao & Zhaofeng Zhang & Junbo Wang & Yong Li, 2016. "The Effects of Intensive Nutrition Education on Late Middle-Aged Adults with Type 2 Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-10, September.
    2. Spencer, M.S. & Rosland, A.-M. & Kieffer, E.C. & Sinco, B.R. & Valerio, M. & Palmisano, G. & Anderson, M. & Ricardo Guzman, J. & Heisler, M., 2011. "Effectiveness of a community health worker intervention among African American and Latino adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(12), pages 2253-2260.
    3. Tilman Brand & Claudia R. Pischke & Berit Steenbock & Johanna Schoenbach & Saskia Poettgen & Florence Samkange-Zeeb & Hajo Zeeb, 2014. "What Works in Community-Based Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating? A Review of Reviews," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-23, May.
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    5. Romeu Mendes & Nelson Sousa & Victor Machado Reis & Jose Luis Themudo-Barata, 2017. "Implementing Low-Cost, Community-Based Exercise Programs for Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: What Are the Benefits for Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-12, September.
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