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Motives and Barriers Related to Physical Activity and Sport across Social Backgrounds: Implications for Health Promotion

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  • Marlene Rosager Lund Pedersen

    (Centre for Sports, Health and Civil Society, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark)

  • Anne Faber Hansen

    (Department of Research and Analysis, University Library of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark)

  • Karsten Elmose-Østerlund

    (Centre for Sports, Health and Civil Society, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark)

Abstract

Studies have found physical inactivity to be a significant health risk factor and have demonstrated how physical inactivity behaviour varies according to social background. As a result, differences according to social background must be considered when examining motives and barriers related to physical activity and sport. This scoping review examines motives and barriers related to physical activity and sport among people with different social backgrounds, including age, socioeconomic status, gender, ethnic minority background and disability status. A systematic literature search was performed in four scientific databases and yielded 2935 articles of which 58 articles met the inclusion criteria. We identified common motives for physical activity and sport as health benefits, well-being, enjoyment, social interaction, and social support; common barriers as time restrictions, fatigue and lack of energy, financial restrictions, health-related restrictions, low motivation, and shortage of facilities. We also identified several motives and barriers that were specific to or more pronounced among people with different social backgrounds. The knowledge about motives and barriers related to physical activity and sport provided in this article can inform health promotion initiatives that seek to improve public health both in general and when specifically targeting groups of people with different social backgrounds.

Suggested Citation

  • Marlene Rosager Lund Pedersen & Anne Faber Hansen & Karsten Elmose-Østerlund, 2021. "Motives and Barriers Related to Physical Activity and Sport across Social Backgrounds: Implications for Health Promotion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-16, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5810-:d:564700
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Inês Santos & Kylie Ball & David Crawford & Pedro J Teixeira, 2016. "Motivation and Barriers for Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Cerin, Ester & Leslie, Eva, 2008. "How socio-economic status contributes to participation in leisure-time physical activity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(12), pages 2596-2609, June.
    3. Delfien Van Dyck & Greet Cardon & Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij & Lisa De Ridder & Annick Willem, 2017. "Who Participates in Running Events? Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Psychosocial Factors and Barriers as Correlates of Non-Participation—A Pilot Study in Belgium," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-14, October.
    4. Brad R. Humphreys & Logan McLeod & Jane E. Ruseski, 2014. "Physical Activity And Health Outcomes: Evidence From Canada," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(1), pages 33-54, January.
    5. Siobhan M. White & Thomas R. Wójcicki & Edward McAuley, 2012. "Social Cognitive Influences on Physical Activity Behavior in Middle-Aged and Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 67(1), pages 18-26.
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    Cited by:

    1. Susanna Geidne & Aurélie Van Hoye, 2021. "Health Promotion in Sport, through Sport, as an Outcome of Sport, or Health-Promoting Sport—What Is the Difference?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-3, August.
    2. Mustika Fitri & Nor Eeza Zainal Abidin & Novrizal Achmad Novan & Isti Kumalasari & Fahmil Haris & Boyke Mulyana & Selina Khoo & Naziaty Yaacob, 2022. "Accessibility of Inclusive Sports Facilities for Training and Competition in Indonesia and Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Marlene Rosager Lund Pedersen & Thomas Viskum Gjelstrup Bredahl & Karsten Elmose-Østerlund & Anne Faber Hansen, 2022. "Motives and Barriers Related to Physical Activity within Different Types of Built Environments: Implications for Health Promotion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-12, July.
    4. Rafael Zapata-Lamana & Felipe Poblete-Valderrama & Igor Cigarroa & María Antonia Parra-Rizo, 2021. "The Practice of Vigorous Physical Activity Is Related to a Higher Educational Level and Income in Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-9, October.

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