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The Practice of Vigorous Physical Activity Is Related to a Higher Educational Level and Income in Older Women

Author

Listed:
  • Rafael Zapata-Lamana

    (Escuela de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile)

  • Felipe Poblete-Valderrama

    (Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile)

  • Igor Cigarroa

    (Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8320000, Chile)

  • María Antonia Parra-Rizo

    (Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Campus of Elche, Miguel Hernandez University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain)

Abstract

Few studies have shown evidence about the factors that can determine physical practice in women over 60 years of age due to educational, economic, social, or health inequalities. Its knowledge could help to understand the determinants that encourage the practice of physical activity and the improvement of health in women over 60. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the level of studies, income, and the usefulness of social and health services in physically active older women according to the level of activity they practice. The IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and CUBRECAVI (subjective health scale) scales have been applied to a sample of 257 women between 61 and 93 years old (M = 69.44, SD = 4.61). The results have shown that those with vigorous physical activity are related to higher levels of education ( p < 0.001) and income ( p = 0.004). Furthermore, being dissatisfied with social and health services is associated with low levels of physical activity ( p = 0.005). Older women who perform physical activity regularly are associated with high levels in some of the socio-environmental aspects of quality of life. High physical activity is related to a higher educational level and income. Socio-environmental factors generate social inequalities and modulate the lifestyles of older women.

Suggested Citation

  • Rafael Zapata-Lamana & Felipe Poblete-Valderrama & Igor Cigarroa & María Antonia Parra-Rizo, 2021. "The Practice of Vigorous Physical Activity Is Related to a Higher Educational Level and Income in Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:20:p:10815-:d:656606
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Javier Alvarez-Galvez & Maria Luisa Rodero-Cosano & Emma Motrico & Jose A. Salinas-Perez & Carlos Garcia-Alonso & Luis Salvador-Carulla, 2013. "The Impact of Socio-Economic Status on Self-Rated Health: Study of 29 Countries Using European Social Surveys (2002–2008)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-15, February.
    2. María Antonia Parra-Rizo & Gema Sanchís-Soler, 2021. "Physical Activity and the Improvement of Autonomy, Functional Ability, Subjective Health, and Social Relationships in Women over the Age of 60," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-10, June.
    3. Francesca Gallè & Elita Anna Sabella & Giovanna Da Molin & Eduardo Alfonso Parisi & Giorgio Liguori & Maria Teresa Montagna & Osvalda De Giglio & Luca Tondini & Giovanni Battista Orsi & Christian Napo, 2020. "Physical Activity in Older Adults: An Investigation in a Metropolitan Area of Southern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-11, February.
    4. Marlene Rosager Lund Pedersen & Anne Faber Hansen & Karsten Elmose-Østerlund, 2021. "Motives and Barriers Related to Physical Activity and Sport across Social Backgrounds: Implications for Health Promotion," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-16, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Elżbieta Biernat & Justyna Krzepota & Dorota Sadowska, 2023. "Active or Passive Aging? Analysis of Selected Socioeconomic Factors in the Polish Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-10, March.
    2. Agnieszka Kujawska & Sławomir Kujawski & Mariusz Kozakiewicz & Weronika Hajec & Małgorzata Kwiatkowska & Natalia Skierkowska & Jakub Husejko & Julia L. Newton & Paweł Zalewski & Kornelia Kędziora-Korn, 2022. "Adipokines Level and Cognitive Function—Disturbance in Homeostasis in Older People with Poorly Managed Hypertension: A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-14, May.

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