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Women Runners in China: Constraints Negotiation Process of Serious Leisure

Author

Listed:
  • Wenting Zhou

    (Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, No. 866, Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Yajun Qiu

    (Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, No. 866, Yu Hang Tang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Haibo Tian

    (School of Teacher Education, Shaoxing University, 508 Huan Cheng Xi Road, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing 312000, China)

  • Jiao Xu

    (Zhejiang University City College, No. 48 Huzhou Street, Hangzhou 310015, China)

Abstract

The constraint negotiation process is a prominent part of serious leisure, and leisure-oriented women runners in China may behave differently in this process. An adjusted model was proposed to examine the constraint negotiation process of serious leisure for women runners. An online questionnaire was conducted that contained 239 valid samples measuring the participation, intrinsic motivation, constraints and negotiation of women runners. The structure of variables was confirmed based on the good results of reliability and validity test. Then the structural equation modeling results showed that constraints had a negative impact and negotiation had a positive impact on participation. Negotiation acts on constraints to reduce their negative perception. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation has a significant positive effect on negotiation. There are high intrinsic motivation and fewer constraints reporting for women runners under high negotiation in serious leisure. The results provide additional explanation for the serious leisure participation of women runners. Future research should integrate women’s life experiences to better understand the behavior revealed in this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenting Zhou & Yajun Qiu & Haibo Tian & Jiao Xu, 2021. "Women Runners in China: Constraints Negotiation Process of Serious Leisure," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2021:i:1:p:214-:d:711178
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Inês Santos & Kylie Ball & David Crawford & Pedro J Teixeira, 2016. "Motivation and Barriers for Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Haibo Tian & Wenting Zhou & Yajun Qiu & Zheng Zou, 2022. "The Role of Recreation Specialization and Self-Efficacy on Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Effect of Flow Experience," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-10, March.

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