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The Novel Application of Optimization and Charge Blended Energy Management Control for Component Downsizing within a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Author

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  • Ravi Shankar

    (Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK)

  • James Marco

    (Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK)

  • Francis Assadian

    (Department of Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK)

Abstract

The adoption of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) is widely seen as an interim solution for the decarbonization of the transport sector. Within a PHEV, determining the required energy storage capacity of the battery remains one of the primary concerns for vehicle manufacturers and system integrators. This fact is particularly pertinent since the battery constitutes the largest contributor to vehicle mass. Furthermore, the financial cost associated with the procurement, design and integration of battery systems is often cited as one of the main barriers to vehicle commercialization. The ability to integrate the optimization of the energy management control system with the sizing of key PHEV powertrain components presents a significant area of research. Contained within this paper is an optimization study in which a charge blended strategy is used to facilitate the downsizing of the electrical machine, the internal combustion engine and the high voltage battery. An improved Equivalent Consumption Method has been used to manage the optimal power split within the powertrain as the PHEV traverses a range of different drivecycles. For a target CO 2 value and drivecycle, results show that this approach can yield significant downsizing opportunities, with cost reductions on the order of 2%–9% being realizable.

Suggested Citation

  • Ravi Shankar & James Marco & Francis Assadian, 2012. "The Novel Application of Optimization and Charge Blended Energy Management Control for Component Downsizing within a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-32, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:5:y:2012:i:12:p:4892-4923:d:21701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shiau, Ching-Shin Norman & Samaras, Constantine & Hauffe, Richard & Michalek, Jeremy J., 2009. "Impact of battery weight and charging patterns on the economic and environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid vehicles," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(7), pages 2653-2663, July.
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    2. Md. Sazal Miah & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & Sheikh Tanzim Meraj & Kamrul Hasan & Shaheer Ansari & Taskin Jamal & Hasan Masrur & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Aini Hussain, 2021. "Optimized Energy Management Schemes for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Bibliometric Analysis towards Future Trends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-38, November.
    3. Mohammad Ali Karbaschian & Dirk Söffker, 2014. "Review and Comparison of Power Management Approaches for Hybrid Vehicles with Focus on Hydraulic Drives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-25, May.
    4. Tran, Dai-Duong & Vafaeipour, Majid & El Baghdadi, Mohamed & Barrero, Ricardo & Van Mierlo, Joeri & Hegazy, Omar, 2020. "Thorough state-of-the-art analysis of electric and hybrid vehicle powertrains: Topologies and integrated energy management strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    5. Hung, Yi-Hsuan & Wu, Chien-Hsun, 2015. "A combined optimal sizing and energy management approach for hybrid in-wheel motors of EVs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 260-271.
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    8. Pier Giuseppe Anselma, 2022. "Dynamic Programming Based Rapid Energy Management of Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Constraints on Smooth Driving, Battery State-of-Charge and Battery State-of-Health," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-25, February.
    9. Tobias Buchmann & Patrick Wolf & Stefan Fidaschek, 2021. "Stimulating E-Mobility Diffusion in Germany (EMOSIM): An Agent-Based Simulation Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-25, January.
    10. Ganesh Mohan & Francis Assadian & Stefano Longo, 2013. "An Optimization Framework for Comparative Analysis of Multiple Vehicle Powertrains," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(10), pages 1-31, October.
    11. Xu, Xiaodan & Aziz, H.M. Abdul & Liu, Haobing & Rodgers, Michael O. & Guensler, Randall, 2020. "A scalable energy modeling framework for electric vehicles in regional transportation networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    12. Yongpeng Shen & Zhendong He & Dongqi Liu & Binjie Xu, 2016. "Optimization of Fuel Consumption and Emissions for Auxiliary Power Unit Based on Multi-Objective Optimization Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-18, February.
    13. Weichao Zhuang & Xiaowu Zhang & Huei Peng & Liangmo Wang, 2016. "Simultaneous Optimization of Topology and Component Sizes for Double Planetary Gear Hybrid Powertrains," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-17, May.
    14. Zhang, Pei & Yan, Fuwu & Du, Changqing, 2015. "A comprehensive analysis of energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles based on bibliometrics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 88-104.
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