IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i15p3755-d387746.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Study of Energy Compensation Techniques in Photovoltaic Solar Systems with the Use of Supercapacitors in Low-Voltage Networks

Author

Listed:
  • Luis Gerardo González

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (DEET), Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador)

  • Rommel Chacon

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (DEET), Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador)

  • Bernardo Delgado

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (DEET), Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador)

  • Dario Benavides

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (DEET), Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, 29017 Málaga, Spain)

  • Juan Espinoza

    (Department of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering (DEET), Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador)

Abstract

The power generated by photovoltaic solar systems is exposed to high variability of irradiance mainly due to weather conditions, which cause instability in the electrical networks connected to these systems. This study shows the typical behavior of solar irradiance in an Andean city, which presents considerable variations that can reach up to 63% of the nominal power of the photovoltaic system, at time intervals in the order of seconds. The study covers the application of 3 techniques to reduce power fluctuations at the point of common coupling (PCC), with the incorporation of energy storage systems, under the same irradiance conditions. Supercapacitors were used as the storage system, which were selected for their high efficiency and useful life. A state of charge control is also applied by means of a hysteresis band. The three algorithms studied show similar behaviors; however, the ramp control technique has the best performance. The storage system was dimensioned based on the photovoltaic system’s nominal power and the desired rate of change in the PCC, whose capacity can be estimated from P nom /12 [kWh] and a maximum power that can reach up to 0.63 P nom . The study determines that based on the storage capacity and the irradiance characteristics under study, the storage system could use at least 5.76 daily charge/discharge cycles. In the study, it is possible to reduce the rate of change of the photovoltaic energy injected into the PCC about 6.66 times with the use of the proposed energy storage system.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Gerardo González & Rommel Chacon & Bernardo Delgado & Dario Benavides & Juan Espinoza, 2020. "Study of Energy Compensation Techniques in Photovoltaic Solar Systems with the Use of Supercapacitors in Low-Voltage Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-15, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3755-:d:387746
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3755/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/15/3755/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nouha Mansouri & Abderezak Lashab & Dezso Sera & Josep M. Guerrero & Adnen Cherif, 2019. "Large Photovoltaic Power Plants Integration: A Review of Challenges and Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-16, October.
    2. Ishaque, Kashif & Salam, Zainal, 2013. "A review of maximum power point tracking techniques of PV system for uniform insolation and partial shading condition," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 475-488.
    3. Majid Ghaffarianfar & Amin Hajizadeh, 2018. "Voltage Stability of Low-Voltage Distribution Grid with High Penetration of Photovoltaic Power Units," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-13, July.
    4. Wei Ma & Wei Wang & Xuezhi Wu & Ruonan Hu & Fen Tang & Weige Zhang, 2019. "Control Strategy of a Hybrid Energy Storage System to Smooth Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations Considering Photovoltaic Output Power Curtailment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-22, March.
    5. João Martins & Sergiu Spataru & Dezso Sera & Daniel-Ioan Stroe & Abderezak Lashab, 2019. "Comparative Study of Ramp-Rate Control Algorithms for PV with Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Cano, Antonio & Arévalo, Paul & Jurado, Francisco, 2022. "Evaluation of temporal resolution impact on power fluctuations and self-consumption for a hydrokinetic on grid system using supercapacitors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 843-856.
    2. Miguel Ángel Pardo & Héctor Fernández & Antonio Jodar-Abellan, 2020. "Converting a Water Pressurized Network in a Small Town into a Solar Power Water System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-26, August.
    3. Ghosh, Sourav & Yadav, Sarita & Devi, Ambika & Thomas, Tiju, 2022. "Techno-economic understanding of Indian energy-storage market: A perspective on green materials-based supercapacitor technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Valentin Silvera Diaz & Daniel Augusto Cantane & André Quites Ordovás Santos & Oswaldo Hideo Ando Junior, 2021. "Comparative Analysis of Degradation Assessment of Battery Energy Storage Systems in PV Smoothing Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-16, June.
    2. Rajesh, R. & Mabel, M. Carolin, 2016. "Design and real time implementation of a novel rule compressed fuzzy logic method for the determination operating point in a photo voltaic system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(P1), pages 140-153.
    3. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Real-time optimization strategies of Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems based on Load-following control: A new strategy, and a comparative study of topologies and fuel economy obtained," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 444-460.
    4. Rezk, Hegazy & AL-Oran, Mazen & Gomaa, Mohamed R. & Tolba, Mohamed A. & Fathy, Ahmed & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Olabi, A.G. & El-Sayed, Abou Hashema M., 2019. "A novel statistical performance evaluation of most modern optimization-based global MPPT techniques for partially shaded PV system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    5. Mohapatra, Alivarani & Nayak, Byamakesh & Das, Priti & Mohanty, Kanungo Barada, 2017. "A review on MPPT techniques of PV system under partial shading condition," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 854-867.
    6. Hassan M. H. Farh & Mohd F. Othman & Ali M. Eltamaly & M. S. Al-Saud, 2018. "Maximum Power Extraction from a Partially Shaded PV System Using an Interleaved Boost Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-18, September.
    7. Arévalo, Paul & Benavides, Dario & Tostado-Véliz, Marcos & Aguado, José A. & Jurado, Francisco, 2023. "Smart monitoring method for photovoltaic systems and failure control based on power smoothing techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 366-383.
    8. Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Wu, Xiaofeng, 2017. "The Lock-On Mechanism MPPT algorithm as applied to the hybrid photovoltaic cell and thermoelectric generator system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 873-886.
    9. Hamdy M. Sultan & Ahmed A. Zaki Diab & Oleg N. Kuznetsov & Ziad M. Ali & Omer Abdalla, 2019. "Evaluation of the Impact of High Penetration Levels of PV Power Plants on the Capacity, Frequency and Voltage Stability of Egypt’s Unified Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, February.
    10. Grzegorz Hołdyński & Zbigniew Skibko & Andrzej Firlit & Wojciech Walendziuk, 2024. "Analysis of the Impact of a Photovoltaic Farm on Selected Parameters of Power Quality in a Medium-Voltage Power Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, January.
    11. Memon, Mudasir Ahmed & Mekhilef, Saad & Mubin, Marizan & Aamir, Muhammad, 2018. "Selective harmonic elimination in inverters using bio-inspired intelligent algorithms for renewable energy conversion applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 2235-2253.
    12. Fan Wu & Jun Wang & Zhang Sun & Tao Wang & Lei Chen & Xiaoyan Han, 2019. "An Optimal Wavelet Packets Basis Method for Cascade Hydro-PV-Pumped Storage Generation Systems to Smooth Photovoltaic Power Fluctuations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-22, December.
    13. Ramli, Makbul A.M. & Twaha, Ssennoga & Ishaque, Kashif & Al-Turki, Yusuf A., 2017. "A review on maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems with and without shading conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 144-159.
    14. Wenjie Liu & Kamran Ali Khan Niazi & Tamas Kerekes & Yongheng Yang, 2019. "A Review on Transformerless Step-Up Single-Phase Inverters with Different DC-Link Voltage for Photovoltaic Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-17, September.
    15. Jose Miguel Riquelme-Dominguez & Jesús Riquelme & Sergio Martinez, 2022. "New Trends in the Control of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems for the Provision of Ancillary Services," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-11, October.
    16. Guerrero-Rodríguez, N.F. & Rey-Boué, Alexis B. & Herrero-de Lucas, Luis C. & Martinez-Rodrigo, Fernando, 2015. "Control and synchronization algorithms for a grid-connected photovoltaic system under harmonic distortions, frequency variations and unbalances," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 380-395.
    17. Ehtisham Lodhi & Fei-Yue Wang & Gang Xiong & Ghulam Ali Mallah & Muhammad Yaqoob Javed & Tariku Sinshaw Tamir & David Wenzhong Gao, 2021. "A Dragonfly Optimization Algorithm for Extracting Maximum Power of Grid-Interfaced PV Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-27, September.
    18. Harrou, Fouzi & Sun, Ying & Taghezouit, Bilal & Saidi, Ahmed & Hamlati, Mohamed-Elkarim, 2018. "Reliable fault detection and diagnosis of photovoltaic systems based on statistical monitoring approaches," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 22-37.
    19. Dhanuja Lekshmi J & Zakir Hussain Rather & Bikash C Pal, 2021. "A New Tool to Assess Maximum Permissible Solar PV Penetration in a Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.
    20. Bhatti, Abdul Rauf & Salam, Zainal & Aziz, Mohd Junaidi Bin Abdul & Yee, Kong Pui & Ashique, Ratil H., 2016. "Electric vehicles charging using photovoltaic: Status and technological review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 34-47.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:15:p:3755-:d:387746. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.