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Battery Storage Systems as Grid-Balancing Measure in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids with Distributed Generation

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  • Bernhard Faessler

    (Josef Ressel Center for Applied Scientific Computing in Energy, Finance, and Logistics, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria
    Illwerke vkw Endowed Professorship for Energy Efficiency, Energy Research Center, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria
    Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Agder, Jon Lilletuns vei 9, 4879 Grimstad, Norway)

  • Michael Schuler

    (Josef Ressel Center for Applied Scientific Computing in Energy, Finance, and Logistics, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria)

  • Markus Preißinger

    (Illwerke vkw Endowed Professorship for Energy Efficiency, Energy Research Center, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria)

  • Peter Kepplinger

    (Josef Ressel Center for Applied Scientific Computing in Energy, Finance, and Logistics, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria
    Illwerke vkw Endowed Professorship for Energy Efficiency, Energy Research Center, Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstrasse 1, 6850 Dornbirn, Austria)

Abstract

Due to the promoted integration of renewable sources, a further growth of strongly transient, distributed generation is expected. Thus, the existing electrical grid may reach its physical limits. To counteract this, and to fully exploit the viable potential of renewables, grid-balancing measures are crucial. In this work, battery storage systems are embedded in a grid simulation to evaluate their potential for grid balancing. The overall setup is based on a real, low-voltage distribution grid topology, real smart meter household load profiles, and real photovoltaics load data. An autonomous optimization routine, driven by a one-way communicated incentive, determines the prospective battery operation mode. Different battery positions and incentives are compared to evaluate their impact. The configurations incorporate a baseline simulation without storage, a single, central battery storage or multiple, distributed battery storages which together have the same power and capacity. The incentives address either market conditions, grid balancing, optimal photovoltaic utilization, load shifting, or self-consumption. Simulations show that grid-balancing incentives result in lowest peak-to-average power ratios, while maintaining negligible voltage changes in comparison to a reference case. Incentives reflecting market conditions for electricity generation, such as real-time pricing, negatively influence the power quality, especially with respect to the peak-to-average power ratio. A central, feed-in-tied storage performs better in terms of minimizing the voltage drop/rise and shows lower distribution losses, while distributed storages attached at nodes with electricity generation by photovoltaics achieve lower peak-to-average power ratios.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernhard Faessler & Michael Schuler & Markus Preißinger & Peter Kepplinger, 2017. "Battery Storage Systems as Grid-Balancing Measure in Low-Voltage Distribution Grids with Distributed Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:12:p:2161-:d:123413
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Ahmed Alzahrani & Hussain Alharthi & Muhammad Khalid, 2019. "Minimization of Power Losses through Optimal Battery Placement in a Distributed Network with High Penetration of Photovoltaics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Stefan Arens & Sunke Schlüters & Benedikt Hanke & Karsten von Maydell & Carsten Agert, 2020. "Sustainable Residential Energy Supply: A Literature Review-Based Morphological Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-28, January.
    5. Evgeny Lisin & Galina Kurdiukova & Pavel Okley & Veronika Chernova, 2019. "Efficient Methods of Market Pricing in Power Industry within the Context of System Integration of Renewable Energy Sources," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-16, August.
    6. Salvatore Favuzza & Mariano Giuseppe Ippolito & Fabio Massaro & Rossano Musca & Eleonora Riva Sanseverino & Giuseppe Schillaci & Gaetano Zizzo, 2018. "Building Automation and Control Systems and Electrical Distribution Grids: A Study on the Effects of Loads Control Logics on Power Losses and Peaks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Weckesser, Tilman & Dominković, Dominik Franjo & Blomgren, Emma M.V. & Schledorn, Amos & Madsen, Henrik, 2021. "Renewable Energy Communities: Optimal sizing and distribution grid impact of photo-voltaics and battery storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    8. João Martins & Sergiu Spataru & Dezso Sera & Daniel-Ioan Stroe & Abderezak Lashab, 2019. "Comparative Study of Ramp-Rate Control Algorithms for PV with Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, April.
    9. Haider, Sajjad & Rizvi, Rida e Zahra & Walewski, John & Schegner, Peter, 2022. "Investigating peer-to-peer power transactions for reducing EV induced network congestion," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).

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