IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v10y2017i10p1470-d112895.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Trends in Data Centre Energy Consumption under the European Code of Conduct for Data Centre Energy Efficiency

Author

Listed:
  • Maria Avgerinou

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate C-Energy, Transport and Climate, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy)

  • Paolo Bertoldi

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate C-Energy, Transport and Climate, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy)

  • Luca Castellazzi

    (European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate C-Energy, Transport and Climate, Via E. Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra (VA), Italy)

Abstract

Climate change is recognised as one of the key challenges humankind is facing. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector including data centres generates up to 2% of the global CO 2 emissions, a number on par to the aviation sector contribution, and data centres are estimated to have the fastest growing carbon footprint from across the whole ICT sector, mainly due to technological advances such as the cloud computing and the rapid growth of the use of Internet services. There are no recent estimations of the total energy consumption of the European data centre and of their energy efficiency. The aim of this paper is to evaluate, analyse and present the current trends in energy consumption and efficiency in data centres in the European Union using the data submitted by companies participating in the European Code of Conduct for Data Centre Energy Efficiency programme, a voluntary initiative created in 2008 in response to the increasing energy consumption in data centres and the need to reduce the related environmental, economic and energy supply security impacts. The analysis shows that the average Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of the facilities participating in the programme is declining year after year. This confirms that voluntary approaches could be effective in addressing climate and energy issue.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Avgerinou & Paolo Bertoldi & Luca Castellazzi, 2017. "Trends in Data Centre Energy Consumption under the European Code of Conduct for Data Centre Energy Efficiency," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1470-:d:112895
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1470/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/10/1470/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tatchell-Evans, Morgan & Kapur, Nik & Summers, Jonathan & Thompson, Harvey & Oldham, Dan, 2017. "An experimental and theoretical investigation of the extent of bypass air within data centres employing aisle containment, and its impact on power consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(P3), pages 457-469.
    2. Oró, Eduard & Depoorter, Victor & Garcia, Albert & Salom, Jaume, 2015. "Energy efficiency and renewable energy integration in data centres. Strategies and modelling review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 429-445.
    3. Rezessy, Silvia & Bertoldi, Paolo, 2011. "Voluntary agreements in the field of energy efficiency and emission reduction: Review and analysis of experiences in the European Union," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(11), pages 7121-7129.
    4. Luca Chiaraviglio & Antonio Cianfrani & Marco Listanti & William Liu & Marco Polverini, 2016. "Lifetime-Aware Cloud Data Centers: Models and Performance Evaluation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-17, June.
    5. Habibi Khalaj, Ali & Scherer, Thomas & K. Halgamuge, Saman, 2016. "Energy, environmental and economical saving potential of data centers with various economizers across Australia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1528-1549.
    6. Depoorter, Victor & Oró, Eduard & Salom, Jaume, 2015. "The location as an energy efficiency and renewable energy supply measure for data centres in Europe," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 338-349.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chu, Wen-Xiao & Wang, Chi-Chuan, 2019. "A review on airflow management in data centers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 84-119.
    2. Hu, Zhi-Hua & Zheng, Yu-Xin & Wang, You-Gan, 2022. "Packing computing servers into the vessel of an underwater data center considering cooling efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    3. Silva-Llanca, Luis & Ortega, Alfonso & Fouladi, Kamran & del Valle, Marcelo & Sundaralingam, Vikneshan, 2018. "Determining wasted energy in the airside of a perimeter-cooled data center via direct computation of the Exergy Destruction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 235-246.
    4. Jerez Monsalves, Juan & Bergaentzlé, Claire & Keles, Dogan, 2023. "Impacts of flexible-cooling and waste-heat recovery from data centres on energy systems: A Danish case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    5. Petrović, Stefan & Colangelo, Alessandro & Balyk, Olexandr & Delmastro, Chiara & Gargiulo, Maurizio & Simonsen, Mikkel Bosack & Karlsson, Kenneth, 2020. "The role of data centres in the future Danish energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    6. Habibi Khalaj, Ali & Abdulla, Khalid & Halgamuge, Saman K., 2018. "Towards the stand-alone operation of data centers with free cooling and optimally sized hybrid renewable power generation and energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 451-472.
    7. Sikai Zou & Chang Yue & Ting Xiao & Xingyi Ma & Yiwei Wang, 2023. "Study on Effects of Operating Parameters on a Water-Cooled Loop Thermosyphon System under Partial Server Utilization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Huang, Pei & Copertaro, Benedetta & Zhang, Xingxing & Shen, Jingchun & Löfgren, Isabelle & Rönnelid, Mats & Fahlen, Jan & Andersson, Dan & Svanfeldt, Mikael, 2020. "A review of data centers as prosumers in district energy systems: Renewable energy integration and waste heat reuse for district heating," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    9. Shuja, Junaid & Gani, Abdullah & Shamshirband, Shahaboddin & Ahmad, Raja Wasim & Bilal, Kashif, 2016. "Sustainable Cloud Data Centers: A survey of enabling techniques and technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 195-214.
    10. Uddin, Mueen & Darabidarabkhani, Yasaman & Shah, Asadullah & Memon, Jamshed, 2015. "Evaluating power efficient algorithms for efficiency and carbon emissions in cloud data centers: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1553-1563.
    11. Leehter Yao & Jin-Hao Huang, 2019. "Multi-Objective Optimization of Energy Saving Control for Air Conditioning System in Data Center," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, April.
    12. Thollander, Patrik & Kimura, Osamu & Wakabayashi, Masayo & Rohdin, Patrik, 2015. "A review of industrial energy and climate policies in Japan and Sweden with emphasis towards SMEs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 504-512.
    13. Trotta, Gianluca, 2020. "Assessing energy efficiency improvements and related energy security and climate benefits in Finland: An ex post multi-sectoral decomposition analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    14. Cristian Mardones & Pablo Herreros, 2023. "Ex post evaluation of voluntary environmental policies on the energy intensity in Chilean firms," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(9), pages 9111-9136, September.
    15. Wang, Fengjuan & Lv, Chengwei & Xu, Jiuping, 2023. "Carbon awareness oriented data center location and configuration: An integrated optimization method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    16. Di Salvo, André L.A. & Agostinho, Feni & Almeida, Cecília M.V.B. & Giannetti, Biagio F., 2017. "Can cloud computing be labeled as “green”? Insights under an environmental accounting perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 514-526.
    17. Lawrence, Akvile & Karlsson, Magnus & Nehler, Therese & Thollander, Patrik, 2019. "Effects of monetary investment, payback time and firm characteristics on electricity saving in energy-intensive industry," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C), pages 499-512.
    18. Tatchell-Evans, Morgan & Kapur, Nik & Summers, Jonathan & Thompson, Harvey & Oldham, Dan, 2017. "An experimental and theoretical investigation of the extent of bypass air within data centres employing aisle containment, and its impact on power consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(P3), pages 457-469.
    19. Chen, Min & Gao, Ciwei & Song, Meng & Chen, Songsong & Li, Dezhi & Liu, Qiang, 2020. "Internet data centers participating in demand response: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    20. Zuberi, M. Jibran S. & Santoro, Marina & Eberle, Armin & Bhadbhade, Navdeep & Sulzer, Sabine & Wellig, Beat & Patel, Martin K., 2020. "A detailed review on current status of energy efficiency improvement in the Swiss industry sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:10:p:1470-:d:112895. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.