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Duration of the Membership in the World Trade Organization and Aid for Trade Flows

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  • Sena Kimm Gnangnon

    (World Trade Organization, Rue de Lausanne 154, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland)

Abstract

In examining the effect of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the amounts of Aid for Trade (AfT) that accrue to developing countries, Lee et al. (2015) (The World Economy, 38, 2015 and 1462) have found that developing country members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) received higher AfT flows than non-WTO developing members. The present paper deepens the analysis by Lee et al. (2015) by investigating the effect of the duration of WTO membership on the amounts of AfT flows that accrue to recipient countries. The duration of membership in the WTO captures both the membership in the WTO and the time spent by a country in the organization. The main argument in this analysis is that the duration of WTO membership matters more than the mere WTO membership for the degree of liberalization in AfT recipient countries’ trade regimes and their participation in international trade, the latter being a critical determinant of the AfT flows supplied by donors. This analysis has relied on a panel dataset of 136 countries over the period from 2002 to 2019, and the two-step generalized method of moments estimator. It has established that countries receive higher AfT flows as their membership duration increases, and the amounts of these resource inflows increase as recipient countries further liberalize their trade regime and further participate in international trade. Additionally, the effect of the duration of WTO membership on total AfT flows depends on donor-countries’ commercial self-interest in recipient countries, including the latter’s economic growth performance and endowment in natural resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Sena Kimm Gnangnon, 2023. "Duration of the Membership in the World Trade Organization and Aid for Trade Flows," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-28, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:11:y:2023:i:6:p:168-:d:1171053
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ghosh, Arunabha, 2010. "Developing countries in the WTO Trade Policy Review Mechanism," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(3), pages 419-455, July.
    2. Tang, Man-Keung & Wei, Shang-Jin, 2009. "The value of making commitments externally: Evidence from WTO accessions," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(2), pages 216-229, July.
    3. Younas, Javed, 2008. "Motivation for bilateral aid allocation: Altruism or trade benefits," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 24(3), pages 661-674, September.
    4. Jean-Jacques Hallaert & Laura Munro, 2009. "Binding Constraints to Trade Expansion: Aid for Trade Objectives and Diagnostics Tools," OECD Trade Policy Papers 94, OECD Publishing.
    5. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Duration of membership in the world trade organization and investment-oriented remittances inflows," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 258-277.
    6. Elisa Gamberoni & Richard Newfarmer, 2014. "Aid for Trade: Do Those Countries that Need it, Get it?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(4), pages 542-554, April.
    7. Sèna Kimm Gnangnon, 2019. "Has the WTO’s Aid for Trade Initiative Delivered on Its Promise of Greater Mobilization of Development Aid in Favor of the Trade Sector in Developing Countries?," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(6), pages 519-541, November.
    8. Takumi Naito, 2016. "Aid for Trade and Global Growth," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(5), pages 1178-1201, November.
    9. David Roodman, 2009. "A Note on the Theme of Too Many Instruments," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 71(1), pages 135-158, February.
    10. Philipp H�hne & Birgit Meyer & Peter Nunnenkamp, 2014. "Who Benefits from Aid for Trade? Comparing the Effects on Recipient versus Donor Exports," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(9), pages 1275-1288, September.
    11. Aaronson, Susan Ariel & Abouharb, M. Rodwan, 2014. "Does the WTO help member states improve governance?," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(3), pages 547-582, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Do Aid for Trade flows affect Technology Licensing in Recipient Countries?," EconStor Preprints 273419, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.

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