IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/wdevel/v138y2021ics0305750x20303193.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reverse entrepreneurial migration in China and India: The role of the state

Author

Listed:
  • Zweig, David
  • Tsai, Kellee S.
  • Singh, Alwyn Didar

Abstract

China and India have significant overseas populations that constitute global talent, and both countries recognize that reverse migration of diasporic talent can contribute to domestic economic development. This study compares China and India’s capacity to encourage return migration with a focus on overseas entrepreneurs who return to start new firms in their homeland. In addition to reviewing state policies and prior related research, we analyze returnees’ views towards the state using two original data sets: a China survey of 100 returned and 100 local entrepreneurs from Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou conducted in 2004 through a face-to-face format; and an India survey administered in 2016–17, comprising 150 returned entrepreneurs and senior managers, and 75 local entrepreneurs in the Indian cities of Pune, Bangalore and New Delhi. Given that India and China began their reforms approximately 13 years apart, comparing these two surveys provides a more developmentally appropriate comparison than purely synchronic surveys. We find that that returned Chinese entrepreneurs have a more positive view of the state and are more willing to work with the local state than their Indian counterparts. Futhermore, returnee entrepreneurs in India are less tolerant of rent-seeking behaviour by local bureaucrats than those in China, and view the local state as being more of an impediment than a source of support. Overall, a significant gap remains between China and India in terms of policies, returnee perceptions, and on-the-ground experiences of returned entrepreneurs.

Suggested Citation

  • Zweig, David & Tsai, Kellee S. & Singh, Alwyn Didar, 2021. "Reverse entrepreneurial migration in China and India: The role of the state," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:138:y:2021:i:c:s0305750x20303193
    DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105192
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X20303193
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105192?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Newland, Kathleen, 2009. "Circular Migration and Human Development," MPRA Paper 19225, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Kathleen Newland, 2009. "Circular Migration and Human Development," Human Development Research Papers (2009 to present) HDRP-2009-42, Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), revised Oct 2009.
    3. World Bank, 2020. "Doing Business 2020," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 32436, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tran, Yen & Truong, Anh Tran Tram, 2022. "Knowledge recontextualization by returnee entrepreneurs: The dynamic learning perspective," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(3).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Amelie F. Constant, 2019. "Return, Circular, and Onward Migration Decisions in a Knowledge Society," CESifo Working Paper Series 7913, CESifo.
    2. repec:ilo:ilowps:486092 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp & Masood Gheasi, 2018. "Fortunado’s, Desperado’s and Clandestino’s in Diaspora Labour Markets: The Circular ‘Homo Mobilis’," Advances in Spatial Science, in: Roger R. Stough & Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp & Uwe Blien (ed.), Modelling Aging and Migration Effects on Spatial Labor Markets, chapter 0, pages 31-50, Springer.
    4. Sharon Doreen Mayer & Aki Harima & Jörg Freiling, 2015. "The Adaptation of Intentional Immigrant Entrepreneurs: A Case Study," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 3(3), pages 95-122.
    5. Frenzel, Helen. & Weber, Tina, 2014. "Circular migration of health-care professionals : what do employers in Europe think of it?," ILO Working Papers 994860923402676, International Labour Organization.
    6. Sarah Jewell & Pantelis Kazakis, 2021. "Migration patterns and job satisfaction: evidence from European doctorate holders," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 66(2), pages 359-407, April.
    7. DIANI, Morad & GHIFFI, Noufel, 2012. "« Brain drain » vs. « Brain gain » ? Division internationale des connaissances et promesses de co-développement [“Brain drain” vs. “Brain gain”? International division of knowledge and promises of ," MPRA Paper 44317, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Jewell, Sarah & Kazakis, Pantelis, 2017. "On the Role of Migration on the Satisfaction of European Researchers: Evidence from MORE2," MPRA Paper 86149, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 11 Apr 2018.
    9. Wouterse, Fleur, 2012. "Migration and Rural Welfare: The Impact of Potential Policy Reforms in Europe," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(12), pages 2427-2439.
    10. Baruffaldi, Stefano H. & Di Maio, Giorgio & Landoni, Paolo, 2017. "Determinants of PhD holders’ use of social networking sites: An analysis based on LinkedIn," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(4), pages 740-750.
    11. Stanley Tweyman, 2022. "The Two Truths that Descartes Discovers in His Meditations on First Philosophy that Do Not Require the Divine Guarantee," European Journal of Social Sciences Articles, Revistia Research and Publishing, vol. 5, January -.
    12. Fernando Castelló-Sirvent & Pablo Pinazo-Dallenbach, 2021. "Corruption Shock in Mexico: fsQCA Analysis of Entrepreneurial Intention in University Students," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-31, July.
    13. Bouët, Antoine & Elbehri, Aziz & Nguyen, Duc Bao & Traoré, Fousseini, 2022. "Measuring Agricultural Trade Integration in Southeast Asia," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 37(2), pages 235-266.
    14. Huy-Cuong Vo-Thai & Trinh-Hoang Hong-Hue & My-Linh Tran, 2021. "Technological- and Non-Technological Innovation During the Growth Phase of Industry Life Cycle: An Evidence From Vietnamese Manufacturing Enterprises," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    15. Dwi Budi Martono & Trias Aditya & S Subaryono & Prijono Nugroho, 2022. "Cadastre Typology as a Baseline for Incremental Improvement of Spatial Cadastre in Jakarta: Towards a Complete Cadastre," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-15, October.
    16. Bertheau, Antoine & Vejlin, Rune, 2022. "Employer-to-Employer Transitions and Time Aggregation Bias," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    17. Elvin Meka, 2021. "Private Equity Funds/Venture Capital – A New Role and Opportunity in the Albanian Economy and Financial Market," European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Articles, European Center for Science Education and Research, January -.
    18. Raul Gouvea, 2020. "Brazil: Chartering a New Economic Pathway," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(1), pages 145-160, January.
    19. Huy-Cuong Vo-Thai & Shihmin Lo & My-Linh Tran, 2021. "How Capability Reconfiguration in Coping With External Dynamism Can Shape the Performance of the Vietnamese Enterprises," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(3), pages 21582440211, July.
    20. Rafiou Raphaël Bétila, 2021. "The impact of Ease of Doing Business on economic growth: a dynamic panel analysis for African countries," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(10), pages 1-34, October.
    21. Koshy, Perumal, 2019. "India’s entrepreneurship policy: Future tasks and vision," MPRA Paper 97830, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:138:y:2021:i:c:s0305750x20303193. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/worlddev .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.