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E-scooter sharing to serve short-distance transit trips: A Singapore case

Author

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  • Cao, Zhejing
  • Zhang, Xiaohu
  • Chua, Kelman
  • Yu, Honghai
  • Zhao, Jinhua

Abstract

E-scooter sharing provides a last-mile solution to complement transit services,butless was known about its effectiveness in serving short-distance transit trips. We investigate the potential of using e-scooter sharing to replace short-distance transit trips of excessive indirectness, multiple transfers, and long access-egress walking. First, we conducted a stated preference survey on e-scooter users in the Central Area of Singapore and estimated mixed logit models to examine factors influencing the choice of e-scooters and transit. We then calculated the number of transit trips that can be replaced by e-scooters. Second, we analyzed the decision of e-scooter companies in terms of the trade-offs between serving more e-scooter trips and making more revenue under varying fares. The results show that fare, MRT transfer, and MRT access-egress walking distance have significantly negative impacts on mode utilities with random tastes among respondents. Male, young and high-income groups are more heterogeneous in e-scooter preferences compared with other groups. The loss of mode share can be nearly 17% if maximizing the revenue. We classify trade-off situations into five categories and provide suggestions of how to balance between mode share and revenue for each category. Several implications are drawn for better harnessing and regulating this new mobility service, including where to deploy e-scooters to satisfy the demand unmet by the transit and how to reach a proper balance between private operators and public welfare.

Suggested Citation

  • Cao, Zhejing & Zhang, Xiaohu & Chua, Kelman & Yu, Honghai & Zhao, Jinhua, 2021. "E-scooter sharing to serve short-distance transit trips: A Singapore case," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 177-196.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:147:y:2021:i:c:p:177-196
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2021.03.004
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    5. Zhu, Rui & Kondor, Dániel & Cheng, Cheng & Zhang, Xiaohu & Santi, Paolo & Wong, Man Sing & Ratti, Carlo, 2022. "Solar photovoltaic generation for charging shared electric scooters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    6. Samadzad, Mahdi & Nosratzadeh, Hossein & Karami, Hossein & Karami, Ali, 2023. "What are the factors affecting the adoption and use of electric scooter sharing systems from the end user's perspective?," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 70-82.
    7. Maximilian Heumann & Tobias Kraschewski & Tim Brauner & Lukas Tilch & Michael H. Breitner, 2021. "A Spatiotemporal Study and Location-Specific Trip Pattern Categorization of Shared E-Scooter Usage," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.
    8. Zhang, Xiaohu, 2021. "Beyond expected regularity of aggregate urban mobility: A case study of ridesourcing service," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    9. Elena Carrara & Rebecca Ciavarella & Stefania Boglietti & Martina Carra & Giulio Maternini & Benedetto Barabino, 2021. "Identifying and Selecting Key Sustainable Parameters for the Monitoring of e-Powered Micro Personal Mobility Vehicles. Evidence from Italy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-22, August.
    10. Panagiotis G. Tzouras & Lambros Mitropoulos & Katerina Koliou & Eirini Stavropoulou & Christos Karolemeas & Eleni Antoniou & Antonis Karaloulis & Konstantinos Mitropoulos & Eleni I. Vlahogianni & Kons, 2023. "Describing Micro-Mobility First/Last-Mile Routing Behavior in Urban Road Networks through a Novel Modeling Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    11. Esztergár-Kiss, Domokos & Tordai, Dániel & Lopez Lizarraga, Julio C., 2022. "Assessment of travel behavior related to e-scooters using a stated preference experiment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 389-405.
    12. Jahun Koo & Sangho Choo, 2022. "Identification of Causal Relationship between Attitudinal Factors and Intention to Use Transportation Mode," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    13. Paweł Ziemba & Izabela Gago, 2022. "Compromise Multi-Criteria Selection of E-Scooters for the Vehicle Sharing System in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-26, July.
    14. Le Trong Hieu & Ock Taeck Lim, 2023. "Effects of the Structure and Operating Parameters on the Performance of an Electric Scooter," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, June.

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