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The effects of occupational characteristics on the motives underlying tipping of different occupations

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  • Lynn, Michael

Abstract

Occupational characteristics that predict the likelihood of an occupation receiving tips are shown here to also moderate the effects of individual differences in reciprocity, altruism and duty motives for tipping. For example, low occupational status enhances the effects of all three motives on tipping. These findings support the idea that occupational differences in the receipt of tips are attributable to occupational characteristics that enhance or undermine one or more of the motivations for tipping. The results also provide numerous new insights into the potential effects of occupational characteristics on tipping motives and can be used to make more informed guesses about the best ways to increase the tip incomes of workers in various service occupations.

Suggested Citation

  • Lynn, Michael, 2021. "The effects of occupational characteristics on the motives underlying tipping of different occupations," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:soceco:v:95:y:2021:i:c:s2214804321001233
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2021.101783
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ofer H. Azar, 2020. "The Economics of Tipping," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 34(2), pages 215-236, Spring.
    2. Azar, Ofer H., 2011. "Business strategy and the social norm of tipping," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 515-525, June.
    3. Lynn, Michael, 2015. "Explanations of service gratuities and tipping: Evidence from individual differences in tipping motivations and tendencies," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 65-71.
    4. Ofer Azar, 2005. "Who do we tip and why? An empirical investigation," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(16), pages 1871-1879.
    5. Lynn, Michael, 2015. "Service gratuities and tipping: A motivational framework," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 74-88.
    6. Lynn, Michael, 2018. "How motivations for tipping vary with occupational differences in descriptive tipping norms," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 1-10.
    7. Katharine M. Howie & Lifeng Yang & Scott J. Vitell & Victoria Bush & Doug Vorhies, 2018. "Consumer Participation in Cause-Related Marketing: An Examination of Effort Demands and Defensive Denial," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 147(3), pages 679-692, February.
    8. Lynn, Michael, 2016. "Motivations for tipping: How they differ across more and less frequently tipped services," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 38-48.
    9. Lynn, Michael, 2016. "Why are we more likely to tip some service occupations than others? Theory, evidence, and implications," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 134-150.
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