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A critical appraisal of the effectiveness of UK perennial energy crops policy since 1990

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  • Adams, P.W.R.
  • Lindegaard, K.

Abstract

Energy crops are cultivated primarily for bioenergy production, but can also have wider benefits to agriculture and the environment. Policies put in place in the UK and Europe have promoted bioenergy and the growth of energy crops. Despite the various policy support mechanisms the cultivation of perennial energy crops has proceeded at a low rate. This study rigorously analyses some of the key UK bioenergy policies since 1990 to assess why perennial energy crops have not fulfilled their potential. The UK energy crops market is scrutinised and shows the industry is still nascent compared to Government aspirations. Case studies of both successful and unsuccessful projects are evaluated to reveal how effective different policies have been in establishing UK perennial energy crops. This original review shows significantly that none of the projects, initiatives or schemes described can be viewed as an absolute success. The main obstacles that have hindered progress include: the lack of long term supportive energy crops policy, the failure of headline projects and organisations, the lack of competitiveness of long term perennial crop options compared to annual crops, bureaucracy of schemes, over-ambitious projects, and large-scale support schemes tending to favour imported biomass rather than support domestic supply.

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  • Adams, P.W.R. & Lindegaard, K., 2016. "A critical appraisal of the effectiveness of UK perennial energy crops policy since 1990," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 188-202.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:55:y:2016:i:c:p:188-202
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.126
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    2. Ben Fradj, Nosra & Jayet, Pierre Alain & Rozakis, Stelios & Georganta, Eleni & Jędrejek, Anna, 2020. "Contribution of agricultural systems to the bioeconomy in Poland: Integration of willow in the context of a stylised CAP diversification," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Pegoretti Leite de Souza, Hector Jesus & Muñoz, Fernando & Mendonça, Regis Teixeira & Sáez, Katia & Olave, Rodrigo & Segura, Cristina & de Souza, Daniel P.L. & de Paula Protásio, Thiago & Rodríguez-So, 2021. "Influence of lignin distribution, physicochemical characteristics and microstructure on the quality of biofuel pellets made from four different types of biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1802-1816.
    4. Renaldi, Renaldi & Hall, Richard & Jamasb, Tooraj & Roskilly, Anthony P., 2021. "Experience rates of low-carbon domestic heating technologies in the United Kingdom," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    5. Helliwell, Richard, 2018. "Where did the marginal land go? Farmers perspectives on marginal land and its implications for adoption of dedicated energy crops," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 166-172.

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