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Circular Integration of processes, industries, and economies

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  • Walmsley, Timothy Gordon
  • Ong, Benjamin H.Y.
  • Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír
  • Tan, Raymond R.
  • Varbanov, Petar Sabev

Abstract

Circular Economy has emerged as a popular research topic that is shaping public policy in Europe, China, America and elsewhere. It complements the conceptual basis of the Industrial Ecology framework, but places more emphasis on business models to create closed-loop material systems. However, the Circular Economy concept currently lacks robust engineering design methods, leading to many researchers question its effectiveness. In contrast, Process Integration is lesser known publicly, despite being widely applied in industry to achieve substantial reductions in industrial energy, water, and utility use. These three areas have developed in parallel with minimal cross-pollination, but are in fact potentially complementary. This contribution proposes the new unified concept of Circular Integration for greater transdisciplinary research cohesiveness in the sustainable development of processes, industries, and economies. Circular Integration combines elements from Process Integration, Industrial Ecology, and Circular Economy into a multi-dimensional, multi-scale approach to the minimisation of resource and energy consumption. Circular Integration thus provides an engineering toolbox for planning a Sustainable and Circular Economy. To demonstrate its potential, the paper presents a case study on sustainable biofuel production. The possible solution leverages existing industrial resources to potentially produce enough fuel to fulfil 37% of current demand for global air and marine transport. The Circular Integration framework can also be generalised to systems other than transport and energy, aiming to catalyse greater transdisciplinary research for the analysis, design, and implementation of sustainable and circular systems.

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  • Walmsley, Timothy Gordon & Ong, Benjamin H.Y. & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Tan, Raymond R. & Varbanov, Petar Sabev, 2019. "Circular Integration of processes, industries, and economies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 507-515.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:107:y:2019:i:c:p:507-515
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.039
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    2. Yong, Wen Ni & Liew, Peng Yen & Woon, Kok Sin & Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2021. "A pinch-based multi-energy targeting framework for combined chilling heating power microgrid of urban-industrial symbiosis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
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    10. Chenyu Lu & Yang Zhang & Hengji Li & Zilong Zhang & Wei Cheng & Shulei Jin & Wei Liu, 2020. "An Integrated Measurement of the Efficiency of China’s Industrial Circular Economy and Associated Influencing Factors," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-21, September.
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    14. Jiří Jaromír Klemeš & Petar Sabev Varbanov & Paweł Ocłoń & Hon Huin Chin, 2019. "Towards Efficient and Clean Process Integration: Utilisation of Renewable Resources and Energy-Saving Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-32, October.
    15. Sudusinghe, Jayani Ishara & Seuring, Stefan, 2022. "Supply chain collaboration and sustainability performance in circular economy: A systematic literature review," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    16. Richard Ochieng & Alemayehu Gebremedhin & Shiplu Sarker, 2022. "Integration of Waste to Bioenergy Conversion Systems: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, April.
    17. Safder, Usman & Tariq, Shahzeb & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2022. "Multilevel optimization framework to support self-sustainability of industrial processes for energy/material recovery using circular integration concept," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    18. Anna Gatzioura & Miquel Sànchez-Marrè & Karina Gibert, 2019. "A Hybrid Recommender System to Improve Circular Economy in Industrial Symbiotic Networks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-24, September.
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    20. Carmen Avilés-Palacios & Ana Rodríguez-Olalla, 2021. "The Sustainability of Waste Management Models in Circular Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-19, June.
    21. Giselle Rentería Núñez & David Perez-Castillo, 2023. "Business Models for Industrial Symbiosis: A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-24, June.
    22. Augusto Bianchini & Jessica Rossi & Marco Pellegrini, 2019. "Overcoming the Main Barriers of Circular Economy Implementation through a New Visualization Tool for Circular Business Models," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-33, November.
    23. Alberto Bezama & Carlo Ingrao & Sinéad O’Keeffe & Daniela Thrän, 2019. "Resources, Collaborators, and Neighbors: The Three-Pronged Challenge in the Implementation of Bioeconomy Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-18, December.
    24. Ifaei, Pouya & Nazari-Heris, Morteza & Tayerani Charmchi, Amir Saman & Asadi, Somayeh & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2023. "Sustainable energies and machine learning: An organized review of recent applications and challenges," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

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