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Integrating spent coffee grounds and silver skin as biofuels using torrefaction

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  • Chen, Ying-Chu
  • Jhou, Sih-Yu

Abstract

This study used the torrefaction method to innovatively integrate spent coffee grounds (SCG) and silver skin into biofuels. The biofuels were dried, pelletized, and torrefied at 300 °C for 3 h. The mass yields and energy yields of the biofuels ranged from 41% to 43% and from 52% to 58%, respectively. The high heat value (HHV) range of the biofuels (24.23–27.28 MJ/kg) was higher than that reported in previous studies. The results revealed that an increase in the percentage of silver skin increased the hygroscopicity of the biofuels, which was unfavorable for storage. On average, the weight increased by 0.24–0.57 wt% with a 10 wt% increase of silver skin in the biofuels. The biofuels had zero sulfur and chlorine content and thus would be cleaner energy sources than coal. The elemental compositions of the biofuels were similar to that of lignite with 0.063–0.070 H/C and 0.34–0.44 O/C ratios. The sample most similar to coal, based on heating value, element content, proximate analysis results, and combustion characteristics, exhibited 62% similarity. Integrating silver skin with other materials may be unsuitable for biofuels, but it is helpful for reducing the environmental burden of landfilling or incineration.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, Ying-Chu & Jhou, Sih-Yu, 2020. "Integrating spent coffee grounds and silver skin as biofuels using torrefaction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 275-283.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:148:y:2020:i:c:p:275-283
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Kuo, Po-Chih, 2010. "A study on torrefaction of various biomass materials and its impact on lignocellulosic structure simulated by a thermogravimetry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 2580-2586.
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    7. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lu, Ke-Miao & Tsai, Chi-Ming, 2012. "An experimental analysis on property and structure variations of agricultural wastes undergoing torrefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 318-325.
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    Cited by:

    1. Weiguo Dong & Zhiwen Chen & Jiacong Chen & Zhao Jia Ting & Rui Zhang & Guozhao Ji & Ming Zhao, 2022. "A Novel Method for the Estimation of Higher Heating Value of Municipal Solid Wastes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Mendoza Martinez, Clara Lisseth & Saari, Jussi & Melo, Yara & Cardoso, Marcelo & de Almeida, Gustavo Matheus & Vakkilainen, Esa, 2021. "Evaluation of thermochemical routes for the valorization of solid coffee residues to produce biofuels: A Brazilian case," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. Kim, Seok Jun & Park, Sunyong & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Ju, Young Min & Cho, La hoon & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2021. "Development of surface torrefaction process to utilize agro-byproducts as an energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    4. Hugo Guzmán-Bello & Iosvani López-Díaz & Miguel Aybar-Mejía & Máximo Domínguez-Garabitos & Jose Atilio de Frias, 2023. "Biomass Energy Potential of Agricultural Residues in the Dominican Republic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Kacper Świechowski & Martyna Hnat & Paweł Stępień & Sylwia Stegenta-Dąbrowska & Szymon Kugler & Jacek A. Koziel & Andrzej Białowiec, 2020. "Waste to Energy: Solid Fuel Production from Biogas Plant Digestate and Sewage Sludge by Torrefaction-Process Kinetics, Fuel Properties, and Energy Balance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-37, June.

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