IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/joreco/v73y2023ics0969698923000954.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Measuring customer aggression: Scale development and validation

Author

Listed:
  • Mortimer, Gary
  • Wang, Shasha
  • Osorio Andrade, María Lucila

Abstract

Despite increasing levels of customer aggression being identified within the retail and services sector, no comprehensive tool has been developed to measure such behaviour, thus limiting empirical examinations of this phenomenon. Five studies were undertaken, comprising a student survey, a Delphi-style expert panel review and three retail worker surveys. The results identify a four-factor, 19-item Customer Aggression scale. The nomological validity of the scale was established by demonstrating the impact of customer aggression on employee emotional exhaustion, job stress, organisational deviance and intention to leave. This research contributes a parsimonious, reliable and valid scale to measure such behaviours, facilitating further scientific inquiry.

Suggested Citation

  • Mortimer, Gary & Wang, Shasha & Osorio Andrade, María Lucila, 2023. "Measuring customer aggression: Scale development and validation," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:joreco:v:73:y:2023:i:c:s0969698923000954
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103348
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698923000954
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103348?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fellesson, Markus & Salomonson, Nicklas, 2020. "It takes two to interact – Service orientation, negative emotions and customer phubbing in retail service work," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    2. Huang, Yu-Shan (Sandy) & Dootson, Paula, 2022. "Chatbots and service failure: When does it lead to customer aggression," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    3. Talwar, Shalini & Dhir, Amandeep & Singh, Dilraj & Virk, Gurnam Singh & Salo, Jari, 2020. "Sharing of fake news on social media: Application of the honeycomb framework and the third-person effect hypothesis," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    4. Ashill, Nicholas J. & Rod, Michel & Gibbs, Tanya, 2015. "Coping with stress: A study of retail banking service workers in Russia," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 58-69.
    5. Grewal, Dhruv & Roggeveen, Anne L. & Nordfält, Jens, 2017. "The Future of Retailing," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 1-6.
    6. Marek Korczynski & Ursula Ott, 2004. "When Production and Consumption Meet: Cultural Contradictions and the Enchanting Myth of Customer Sovereignty," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(4), pages 575-599, June.
    7. Gong, Xiushuang & Wang, Hanwen & Zhang, Xiadan & Tian, Hui, 2022. "Why does service inclusion matter? The effect of service exclusion on customer indirect misbehavior," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    8. Lindblom, Arto & Lindblom, Taru & Wechtler, Heidi, 2020. "Retail entrepreneurs’ exit intentions: Influence and mediations of personality and job-related factors," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    9. Mortimer, Gary & Fazal-e-Hasan, Syed Muhammad & Strebel, Judi, 2021. "Examining the consequences of customer-oriented deviance in retail," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    10. Fuller, Christie M. & Simmering, Marcia J. & Atinc, Guclu & Atinc, Yasemin & Babin, Barry J., 2016. "Common methods variance detection in business research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(8), pages 3192-3198.
    11. Dhruv Grewal & Stephanie M. Noble & Anne L. Roggeveen & Jens Nordfalt, 2020. "The future of in-store technology," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(1), pages 96-113, January.
    12. Pandey, Pallavi & Singh, Saumya & Pathak, Pramod, 2021. "An exploratory study on factors contributing to job dissatisfaction of retail employees in India," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    13. James Agarwal & Oleksiy Osiyevskyy & Percy Feldman, 2015. "Corporate Reputation Measurement: Alternative Factor Structures, Nomological Validity, and Organizational Outcomes," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 130(2), pages 485-506, August.
    14. Gaucher, Benoît & Chebat, Jean-Charles, 2019. "How uncivil customers corrode the relationship between frontline employees and retailers," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 1-10.
    15. James Agarwal & Oleksiy Osiyevskyy & Percy Marquina, 2015. "Erratum to: Corporate Reputation Measurement: Alternative Factor Structures, Nomological Validity, and Organizational Outcomes," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 130(2), pages 507-507, August.
    16. Swimberghe, Krist & Jones, Robert Paul & Darrat, Mahmoud, 2014. "Deviant behavior in retail, when sales associates “Go Bad†! Examining the relationship between the work–family interface, job stress, and salesperson deviance," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 21(4), pages 424-431.
    17. Yang, Yan & Hu, Jing, 2021. "Self-diminishing effects of awe on consumer forgiveness in service encounters," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    18. Xiangmin Liu & Danielle D. van Jaarsveld & Yoshio Yanadori, 2022. "Customer aggression, employee voice and quit rates: Evidence from the frontline service workforce," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 60(2), pages 348-370, June.
    19. Hur, Won-Moo & Shin, Yuhyung & Shin, Gyeongpyo, 2022. "Daily relationships between customer incivility, organizational control, self-efficacy, and service performance," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    20. Mulki, Jay Prakash & Jaramillo, Fernando & Locander, William B., 2006. "Emotional exhaustion and organizational deviance: Can the right job and a leader's style make a difference?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(12), pages 1222-1230, November.
    21. Adapa, Sujana & Fazal-e-Hasan, Syed Muhammad & Makam, Sathyaprakash Balaji & Azeem, Muhammad Masood & Mortimer, Gary, 2020. "Examining the antecedents and consequences of perceived shopping value through smart retail technology," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sharma, Piyush & Ueno, Akiko & Kingshott, Russel, 2021. "Self-service technology in supermarkets – Do frontline staff still matter?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    2. Nataša Đurđević & Aleksandra Labus & Dušan Barać & Miloš Radenković & Marijana Despotović-Zrakić, 2022. "An Approach to Assessing Shopper Acceptance of Beacon Triggered Promotions in Smart Retail," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-25, March.
    3. Gaan, Niharika & Shin, Yuhyung, 2023. "Supervisor incivility and frontline employees’ performance amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A multilevel moderated mediation analysis," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    4. Mayr, Kathrin & Teller, Christoph, 2023. "Customer deviance in retailing: Managers’ emotional support and employees’ affective wellbeing," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    5. Lau, Patricia Yin Yin & Tong, Jane L.Y. Terpstra & Lien, Bella Ya-Hui & Hsu, Yen-Chen & Chong, Chooi Ling, 2017. "Ethical work climate, employee commitment and proactive customer service performance: Test of the mediating effects of organizational politics," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 20-26.
    6. Wunhong Su & Chun Guo & Xiaobao Song, 2022. "Media coverage, Environment Protection Law and environmental research and development: evidence from the Chinese-listed firms," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(5), pages 6953-6983, May.
    7. Stefan Hoffmann & Tom Joerß & Robert Mai & Payam Akbar, 2022. "Augmented reality-delivered product information at the point of sale: when information controllability backfires," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 743-776, July.
    8. Chen, Nuoya & Mohanty, Smaraki & Jiao, Jinfeng & Fan, Xiucheng, 2021. "To err is human: Tolerate humans instead of machines in service failure," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    9. Roggeveen, Anne L. & Grewal, Dhruv & Karsberg, John & Noble, Stephanie M. & Nordfält, Jens & Patrick, Vanessa M. & Schweiger, Elisa & Soysal, Gonca & Dillard, Annemarie & Cooper, Nora & Olson, Richard, 2021. "Forging meaningful consumer-brand relationships through creative merchandise offerings and innovative merchandising strategies," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 97(1), pages 81-98.
    10. Savastano Marco & Anagnoste Sorin, 2020. "Pioneering Strategies in Retail Settings: An Empirical Study of Successful Practices," Management & Marketing, Sciendo, vol. 15(4), pages 643-663, December.
    11. Ruth N. Bolton & Anders Gustafsson & Crina O. Tarasi & Lars Witell, 2022. "Designing satisfying service encounters: website versus store touchpoints," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 50(1), pages 85-107, January.
    12. Mostaghel, Rana & Oghazi, Pejvak & Parida, Vinit & Sohrabpour, Vahid, 2022. "Digitalization driven retail business model innovation: Evaluation of past and avenues for future research trends," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 134-145.
    13. Guha, Abhijit & Grewal, Dhruv & Kopalle, Praveen K. & Haenlein, Michael & Schneider, Matthew J. & Jung, Hyunseok & Moustafa, Rida & Hegde, Dinesh R. & Hawkins, Gary, 2021. "How artificial intelligence will affect the future of retailing," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 97(1), pages 28-41.
    14. Pantano, Eleonora & Viassone, Milena & Boardman, Rosy & Dennis, Charles, 2022. "Inclusive or exclusive? Investigating how retail technology can reduce old consumers’ barriers to shopping," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    15. Sharma, Manu & Kaushal, Deepak & Joshi, Sudhanshu, 2023. "Adverse effect of social media on generation Z user's behavior: Government information support as a moderating variable," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    16. Bruno Lussier & Nathaniel N. Hartmann & Willy Bolander, 2021. "Curbing the Undesirable Effects of Emotional Exhaustion on Ethical Behaviors and Performance: A Salesperson–Manager Dyadic Approach," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 169(4), pages 747-766, April.
    17. Javier Aguilera‐Caracuel & Jaime Guerrero‐Villegas, 2018. "How Corporate Social Responsibility Helps MNEs to Improve their Reputation. The Moderating Effects of Geographical Diversification and Operating in Developing Regions," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(4), pages 355-372, July.
    18. Padmavathy, Chandrasekaran & Swapana, Murali & Paul, Justin, 2019. "Online second-hand shopping motivation – Conceptualization, scale development, and validation," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 19-32.
    19. Adriana Burlea‐Schiopoiu & Dragos Alexandru Balan, 2021. "Modelling the impact of corporate reputation on customers' behaviour," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(3), pages 1142-1156, May.
    20. Klement Podnar & Urša Golob, 2017. "The Quest for the Corporate Reputation Definition: Lessons from the Interconnection Model of Identity, Image, and Reputation," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(3), pages 186-192, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:joreco:v:73:y:2023:i:c:s0969698923000954. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-retailing-and-consumer-services .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.