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Differential environmental influences on the development of cognitive abilities during childhood

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  • Zheng, Yao
  • Rijsdijk, Frühling
  • Arden, Rosalind

Abstract

Twin studies have shown strong evidence that cognitive abilities are heritable. This longitudinal study examines genetic and environmental influences on distinct developmental patterns of verbal and non-verbal cognitive abilities from age 7 to 12 in 4718 British twins. Six subgroups with distinct patterns were identified with comparable heritabilities of group membership (ranging 0.37–0.62). Non-shared environmental influences that differentiate family members on group membership appear to be particularly strong in the three subgroups that demonstrated substantial developmental mean changes of cognitive abilities (ranging 0.51–0.54), compared to the other three subgroups with relatively stable mean levels (ranging 0.29–0.34). Shared environmental influences making family members similar for group membership were significant in only two subgroups – among the children with continuously low scores (0.20) and developmental early starters (0.28). These results suggest the existence of distinct developmental patterns of cognitive abilities. The impact of shared and non-shared environment on the membership of different developmental patterns may be greater for some children than others.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng, Yao & Rijsdijk, Frühling & Arden, Rosalind, 2018. "Differential environmental influences on the development of cognitive abilities during childhood," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 72-78.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intell:v:66:y:2018:i:c:p:72-78
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2017.11.005
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    1. Vermunt, Jeroen K., 2010. "Latent Class Modeling with Covariates: Two Improved Three-Step Approaches," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 450-469.
    2. Steven Boker & Michael Neale & Hermine Maes & Michael Wilde & Michael Spiegel & Timothy Brick & Jeffrey Spies & Ryne Estabrook & Sarah Kenny & Timothy Bates & Paras Mehta & John Fox, 2011. "OpenMx: An Open Source Extended Structural Equation Modeling Framework," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 76(2), pages 306-317, April.
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    1. Tordön, Rikard & Bladh, Marie & Svedin, Carl Göran & Sydsjö, Gunilla, 2020. "Challenging intellectual, behavioral and educational prerequisites for interventions aimed at school aged children in foster care. A compilation of Swedish test results," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    2. Florencia Barreto-Zarza & Enrique B. Arranz-Freijo, 2022. "Family Context, Parenting and Child Development: An Epigenetic Approach," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-13, March.

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