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The influence of seed and oil storage on the acid levels of rubber seed oil, derived from Hevea brasiliensis grown in Xishuangbanna, China

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  • Zhu, Yixin
  • Xu, Jianchu
  • Mortimer, Peter E.

Abstract

High acid levels, characteristic of rubber seed oil (RSO), limit RSO use in biodiesel production. The aims of this study were to determine the causes of these high acid levels by investigating what affects the storage of rubber seeds and RSO had on the acid levels. Two storage conditions/methods were evaluated, one representing a proposed storage method (SM 1), the other mimicking storage conditions characteristic to the Xishuangbanna region (SM 2). Furthermore, RSO storage was evaluated by testing RSO acid levels over a 2-month period, under standard storage conditions. Seeds from SM 2 displayed increased seed pile temperatures, higher levels of Mildew infection, lower seed oil content and higher acid levels. Low seed oil content and high acid values of SM 2 were resultant of the high Mildew infection and increased seed pile temperatures. In addition, a critical value of 90% relative humidity of seed piles was identified, above which Mildew infection increased sharply. Storage of crude RSO resulted in increased acid values. This data shows that in order to reduce high acid values, seed pile temperature, humidity and Mildew infections need to be kept to a minimum, as well as the storage time of the seeds and the RSO.

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  • Zhu, Yixin & Xu, Jianchu & Mortimer, Peter E., 2011. "The influence of seed and oil storage on the acid levels of rubber seed oil, derived from Hevea brasiliensis grown in Xishuangbanna, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 5403-5408.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:8:p:5403-5408
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.054
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gui, M.M. & Lee, K.T. & Bhatia, S., 2008. "Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(11), pages 1646-1653.
    2. Ramadhas, A.S. & Jayaraj, S. & Muraleedharan, C., 2008. "Dual fuel mode operation in diesel engines using renewable fuels: Rubber seed oil and coir-pith producer gas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 2077-2083.
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    4. Satyanarayana, M. & Muraleedharan, C., 2011. "A comparative study of vegetable oil methyl esters (biodiesels)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2129-2137.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrea Pizzi & Daniele Duca & Giorgio Rossini & Sara Fabrizi & Giuseppe Toscano, 2020. "Biofuel, Bioenergy and Feed Valorization of By-Products and Residues from Hevea brasiliensis Cultivation to Enhance Sustainability," Resources, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Kate, Joeri ten & Teunter, Ruud & Kusumastuti, Ratih Dyah & van Donk, Dirk Pieter, 2017. "Bio-diesel production using mobile processing units: A case in Indonesia," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 121-130.
    3. Kumar, Niraj & Varun, & Chauhan, Sant Ram, 2013. "Performance and emission characteristics of biodiesel from different origins: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 633-658.
    4. Zhu, Yixin & Xu, Jianchu & Li, Qiaohong & Mortimer, Peter E., 2014. "Investigation of rubber seed yield in Xishuangbanna and estimation of rubber seed oil based biodiesel potential in Southeast Asia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 837-842.

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