IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v288y2021i3p1068-1084.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investment and financing decisions in the presence of time-to-build

Author

Listed:
  • Jeon, Haejun

Abstract

We study a firm’s optimal decisions on investment, default, and financing when the amount of time and the running costs for project completion are uncertain. In the presence of time-to-build, a firm makes conservative investment and financing decisions; investment is delayed, and the optimal leverage ratio is inverted U-shaped with respect to the size of the lag. Although equity holders can choose to default before the project has been completed, the default probability in the presence of time-to-build is lower than that in the absence of a lag in most cases because of the conservative investment and financing decisions. Given the lower default probability, equity holders may benefit more from debt financing in the presence of time-to-build than they would in the absence of a lag. When firms can shorten their expected time-to-build by bearing more costs, unlevered firms strive to reduce the lag more than optimally levered firms do. However, highly levered firms utilize more resources to reduce the lag than all-equity firms do because equity holders are more concerned about the possibility of default before the project’s completion.

Suggested Citation

  • Jeon, Haejun, 2021. "Investment and financing decisions in the presence of time-to-build," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 288(3), pages 1068-1084.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:288:y:2021:i:3:p:1068-1084
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.06.034
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221720305774
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.06.034?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alvarez, Luis H. R. & Keppo, Jussi, 2002. "The impact of delivery lags on irreversible investment under uncertainty," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 173-180, January.
    2. Majd, Saman & Pindyck, Robert S., 1987. "Time to build, option value, and investment decisions," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 7-27, March.
    3. Tsyplakov, Sergey, 2008. "Investment frictions and leverage dynamics," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(3), pages 423-443, September.
    4. Agliardi, Elettra & Koussis, Nicos, 2013. "Optimal capital structure and the impact of time-to-build," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 124-130.
    5. Sarkar, Sudipto & Zhang, Chuanqian, 2015. "Investment policy with time-to-build," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 142-156.
    6. Robert Salomon & Xavier Martin, 2008. "Learning, Knowledge Transfer, and Technology Implementation Performance: A Study of Time-to-Build in the Global Semiconductor Industry," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 54(7), pages 1266-1280, July.
    7. Bar-Ilan, Avner & Strange, William C., 1998. "A model of sequential investment," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 437-463, March.
    8. Bar-Ilan, Avner & Strange, William C, 1996. "Investment Lags," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(3), pages 610-622, June.
    9. Helen Weeds, 2002. "Strategic Delay in a Real Options Model of R&D Competition," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 69(3), pages 729-747.
    10. Tian, Yuan, 2016. "Optimal capital structure and investment decisions under time-inconsistent preferences," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 83-104.
    11. Suresh Sundaresan & Neng Wang & Jinqiang Yang, 2015. "Dynamic Investment, Capital Structure, and Debt Overhang," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 4(1), pages 1-42.
    12. Peeters, Marga, 1996. "Investment gestation lags: The difference between time-to-build and delivery lags," MPRA Paper 28549, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Edwin Mansfield & John Rapoport & Jerome Schnee & Samuel Wagner & Michael Hamburger, 1971. "The Anatomy of the Product-Innovation Process: Cost and Time," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Research and Innovation in the Modern Corporation, chapter 6, pages 110-135, Palgrave Macmillan.
    14. Ms. Petya Koeva Brooks, 2000. "The Facts About Time: To-Build," IMF Working Papers 2000/138, International Monetary Fund.
    15. Milne, Alistair & Whalley, A Elizabeth, 2000. "'Time to build, option value and investment decisions': a comment," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 325-332, May.
    16. Shi, Charles, 2003. "On the trade-off between the future benefits and riskiness of R&D: a bondholders' perspective," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 227-254, June.
    17. Ariel Pakes & Mark Schankerman, 1984. "The Rate of Obsolescence of Patents, Research Gestation Lags, and the Private Rate of Return to Research Resources," NBER Chapters, in: R&D, Patents, and Productivity, pages 73-88, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jeon, Haejun, 2021. "Investment timing and capacity decisions with time-to-build in a duopoly market," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    2. Bashir Zahid & Rafique Zulqurnain Zeeshan & Toor Kashif Naseer, 2022. "How do dynamic financing decisions explain the behavior of dividend payout policies?: An Empirical Study of Listed Pakistani Manufacturing Firms," Financial Internet Quarterly (formerly e-Finanse), Sciendo, vol. 18(1), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Johari, Maryam & Hosseini-Motlagh, Seyyed-Mahdi, 2022. "Evolutionary behaviors regarding pricing and payment-convenience strategies with uncertain risk," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(2), pages 600-614.
    4. Haejun Jeon, 2023. "Time-to-build and capacity expansion," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 328(2), pages 1461-1494, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jeon, Haejun, 2021. "Investment timing and capacity decisions with time-to-build in a duopoly market," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    2. Haejun Jeon, 2023. "Time-to-build and capacity expansion," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 328(2), pages 1461-1494, September.
    3. Fredrik Armerin & Han-Suck Song, 2021. "A framework for modelling cash flow lags," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 1(10), pages 1-13, October.
    4. Guilherme B. Martins & Marcos Eugênio da Silva, 2005. "A Real Option Model with Uncertain, Sequential Investment and with Time to Build," Brazilian Review of Finance, Brazilian Society of Finance, vol. 3(2), pages 141-172.
    5. Michi Nishihara, 2014. "Valuation of sequential R&D investment under technological, market, and rival preemption uncertainty," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 14-13, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    6. Sarkar, Sudipto & Zhang, Chuanqian, 2015. "Investment policy with time-to-build," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 142-156.
    7. Delaney, L., 2020. "A Model of Investment under Uncertainty with Time to Build, Market Incompleteness and Risk Aversion," Working Papers 20/13, Department of Economics, City University London.
    8. Agliardi, Elettra & Koussis, Nicos, 2013. "Optimal capital structure and the impact of time-to-build," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 124-130.
    9. Delaney, Laura, 2021. "A model of investment under uncertainty with time to build, market incompleteness and risk aversion," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 293(3), pages 1155-1167.
    10. Jukka Lempa, 2020. "Some results on optimal stopping under phase-type distributed implementation delay," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 91(3), pages 559-583, June.
    11. Sarkar, Sudipto & Zhang, Chuanqian, 2013. "Implementation lag and the investment decision," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 136-140.
    12. Luis M. Abadie & José M. Chamorro, 2009. "Monte Carlo valuation of natural gas investments," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(1), pages 10-22, January.
    13. Madlener, Reinhard & Kumbaroglu, Gurkan & Ediger, Volkan S., 2005. "Modeling technology adoption as an irreversible investment under uncertainty: the case of the Turkish electricity supply industry," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 139-163, January.
    14. Saphores, Jean-Daniel & Gravel, Éric & Bernard, Jean-Thomas, 2003. "Environmental Impact Assessment and Investment under Uncertainty. An Application to Power Grid Interconnection," Cahiers de recherche 0303, GREEN.
    15. Thijssen, Jacco J.J., 2015. "A model for irreversible investment with construction and revenue uncertainty," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 250-266.
    16. Michi Nishihara, 2018. "Valuation of an R&D project with three types of uncertainty," EURO Journal on Decision Processes, Springer;EURO - The Association of European Operational Research Societies, vol. 6(1), pages 93-113, June.
    17. Milne, Alistair & Whalley, A. Elizabeth, 2001. "Time to build and aggregate work-in-progress," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1-3), pages 165-175, May.
    18. Dumortier, Jerome & Kauffman, Nathan & Hayes, Dermot J., 2017. "Production and spatial distribution of switchgrass and miscanthus in the United States under uncertainty and sunk cost," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 300-314.
    19. Nagae, Takeshi & Akamatsu, Takashi, 2008. "A generalized complementarity approach to solving real option problems," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 1754-1779, June.
    20. Siddiqui, Afzal & Takashima, Ryuta, 2012. "Capacity switching options under rivalry and uncertainty," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 222(3), pages 583-595.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:288:y:2021:i:3:p:1068-1084. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.