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Governance and implementation challenges for mangrove forest Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES): Empirical evidence from the Philippines

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  • Thompson, Benjamin S.
  • Primavera, Jurgenne H.
  • Friess, Daniel A.

Abstract

Mangrove forests have been considered as potentially suitable for PES, though few mangrove PES schemes exist worldwide, suggesting they - and the broader social-ecological and governance systems in which they sit - may not be as conducive to PES as first thought. This study assesses economic, social, and governance challenges to implementing PES in mangroves. It draws on empirical evidence from two prospective community-level mangrove carbon PES schemes in the Philippines, where fishing and aquaculture are major livelihoods. We conducted (1) policy reviews and interviews with local communities, government, and NGOs to investigate governability; (2) village income accounting to determine the extra income that participants could receive through PES; and (3) a choice ranking exercise to elicit preferences on how payments could best be spent to enhance participant wellbeing. The latter approach identifies key gender differences, and enables potential PES-induced social-ecological trade-offs to be pre-empted. Blue carbon PES can contribute an additional 2.3–5.8% of current village incomes, while villagers would prefer to spend the monies on more effective fishing equipment, which could perversely jeopardize fishery sustainability. To be most successful, coastal PES schemes in the Philippines need to be managed through a multi-level governance regime involving co-management and local participation.

Suggested Citation

  • Thompson, Benjamin S. & Primavera, Jurgenne H. & Friess, Daniel A., 2017. "Governance and implementation challenges for mangrove forest Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES): Empirical evidence from the Philippines," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 146-155.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecoser:v:23:y:2017:i:c:p:146-155
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.12.007
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    2. Jakovac, Catarina C. & Latawiec, Agnieszka Ewa & Lacerda, Eduardo & Leite Lucas, Isabella & Korys, Katarzyna Anna & Iribarrem, Alvaro & Malaguti, Gustavo Abreu & Turner, R. Kerry & Luisetti, Tiziana &, 2020. "Costs and Carbon Benefits of Mangrove Conservation and Restoration: A Global Analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    3. Benjamin S. Thompson, 2021. "Corporate Payments for Ecosystem Services in Theory and Practice: Links to Economics, Business, and Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-18, July.
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    5. van den Burg, S.W.K. & Termeer, E.E.W. & Skirtun, M. & Poelman, M. & Veraart, J.A. & Selnes, T., 2022. "Exploring mechanisms to pay for ecosystem services provided by mussels, oysters and seaweeds," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    6. Tianlin Zhai & Jing Wang & Ying Fang & Longyang Huang & Jingjing Liu & Chenchen Zhao, 2021. "Integrating Ecosystem Services Supply, Demand and Flow in Ecological Compensation: A Case Study of Carbon Sequestration Services," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    7. Grilli, Gianluca & Fratini, Roberto & Marone, Enrico & Sacchelli, Sandro, 2020. "A spatial-based tool for the analysis of payments for forest ecosystem services related to hydrogeological protection," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    8. Jay Mar D. Quevedo & Yuta Uchiyama & Kevin Muhamad Lukman & Ryo Kohsaka, 2020. "How Blue Carbon Ecosystems Are Perceived by Local Communities in the Coral Triangle: Comparative and Empirical Examinations in the Philippines and Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Thompson, Benjamin S., 2018. "The political ecology of mangrove forest restoration in Thailand: Institutional arrangements and power dynamics," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 503-514.
    10. Lee, Jongyeol & Kim, Hyungsub & Song, Cholho & Kim, Gang Sun & Lee, Woo-Kyun & Son, Yowhan, 2020. "Determining economically viable forest management option with consideration of ecosystem services in Korea: A strategy after successful national forestation," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
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    12. Shamik Chakraborty & Ram Avtar & Raveena Raj & Huynh Vuong Thu Minh, 2019. "Village Level Provisioning Ecosystem Services and Their Values to Local Communities in the Peri-Urban Areas of Manila, The Philippines," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-18, November.

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